Java实例讲解枚举enum的实现

网友投稿 357 2022-07-26


目录一.枚举介绍1.自定义枚举实现(1)示例(2)测试结果2.enum关键字实现枚举(1)示例(2)测试结果3.enum关键字注意事项(1)示例

一.枚举介绍

1.枚举是一组常量的集合

2.理解:美剧属于一种特殊的类,里面只包含一组有限的特定的对象

1.自定义枚举实现

1.不需要提供Set方法,枚举对象值通常为只读。

2.对枚举对象/属性使用final和static关键字修饰,实现底层优化

3.枚举对象名通常使用全部大写,常量的命名规范

4.枚举·对象根据需要,可以有一到多个属性

(1)示例

package com.demo;

import javax.sound.midi.Soundbank;

/**

* @version 1.0

* @auther Demo龙

*/

public class Enum01 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

System.out.println(Season.SPRING);

System.out.println(Season.SUMMER);

System.out.println(Season.AUTUMN);

System.out.println(Season.WINTER);

}

}

//演示自定义枚举实现

class Season{

private String name;

private String desc;//描述特性

//1.将构造器私有化,目的防止直接new出来

private Season(String name, String desc) {

this.name = name;

this.desc = desc;

}

//2.去掉set方法,只能读取,不能修改属性

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public String getDesc() {

return desc;

}

//3.在season内部创建固定的对象

//定义了四个对象

// public static Season SPRING=new Season("春天","温暖");

// public static Season SUMMER=new Season("夏天","炎热");

// public static Season AUTUMN=new Season("秋天","凉爽");

// public static Season WINTER=new Season("冬天","寒冷");

//最终优化,加入final

public static final Season SPRING=new Season("春天","温暖");

public static final Season SUMMER=new Season("夏天","炎热");

public static final Season AUTUMN=new Season("秋天","凉爽");

public static final Season WINTER=new Season("冬天","寒冷");

//重写toString方法

@Override

public String toString() {

return "Season{" +

"name='" + name + '\'' +

", desc='" + desc + '\'' +

'}';

}

}

(2)测试结果

2.enum关键字实现枚举

如果使用enum关键字来实现枚举类

1.使用关键字enum替换class

2.public static final Season02 SPRING=new Season02(“春天”,“温暖”);可替换为 SPRING(“春天”,“温暖”),//解读:常量名(实参列表)

3.如果有多个常量使用逗号间隔即可

4.如果使用enum关键字实现枚举,要求GCsUo将定义的常量对象写下前面

(1)示例

package com.demo;

/**

* @version 1.0

* @auther Demo龙

*/

public class Enum02 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

System.out.println(Season.SPRING);

System.out.println(Season.SUMMER);

System.out.println(Season.AUTUMN);

System.out.println(Season.WINTER);

}

}

//演示使用enum关键字来实现枚举类

enum Season02{

//如果使用enum关键字来实现枚举类

//1.使用关键字enum替换class

//2.public static final Season02 SPRING=new Season02("春天","温暖");可替换为

SPRING("春天","温暖"),//解读:常量名(实参列表)

//3.如果有多个常量使用逗号间隔即可

SUMMER("夏天","炎热"),

AUTUMN("秋天","凉爽"), WINTER("冬天","寒冷");

//4.如果使用enum关键字实现枚举,要求将定义的常量对象写下前面

private String name;

private String desc;//描述特性

//1.将构造器私有化,目的防止直接new出来

private Season02(String name, String desc) {

this.name = name;

this.desc = desc;

}

//2.去掉set方法,只能读取,不能修改属性

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public String getDesc() {

return desc;

}

//3.在season内部创建固定的对象

//定义了四个对象

// public static Season SPRING=new Season("春天","温暖");

// public static Season SUMMER=new Season("夏天","炎热");

// public static Season AUTUMN=new Season("秋天","凉爽");

// public static Season WINTER=new Season("冬天","寒冷");

//最终优化,加入final

// public static final Season02 SPRING=new Season02("春天","温暖");

// public static final Season02 http://SUMMER=new Season02("夏天","炎热");

// public static final Season02 AUTUMN=new Season02("秋天","凉爽");

// public static final Season02 WINTER=new Season02("冬天","寒冷");

//重写toString方法

@Override

public String toString() {

return "Season{" +

"name='" + name + '\'' +

", desc='" + desc + '\'' +

'}';

}

}

(2)测试结果

3.enum关键字注意事项

1.当我i们使用enum关键字开发一个枚举类时,默认会继承Enum类

2.传统的public static final Season02 SPRING=new Season02("春天","温暖");,这里要知道他调用的是哪个构造器

3.如果使用无参构造器创建枚举对象,则实参列表和小括号都可以省略.

4.当有多个枚举对象时,使用逗号间隔,最后有一个分号结尾

5.枚举对象必须放在枚举类的行首

(1)示例

package com.demo;

/**

* @version 1.0

* @auther Demo龙

*/

public class Enum02 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

System.out.println(Season.SPRING);

System.out.println(Season.SUMMER);

System.out.println(Season.AUTUMN);

System.out.println(Season.WINTER);

}

}

//演示使用enum关键字来实现枚举类

enum Season02{

//如果使用enum关键字来实现枚举类

//1.使用关键字enum替换class

//2.public static final Season02 SPRING=new Season02("春天","温暖");可替换为

SPRING("春天","温暖"),//解读:常量名(实参列表)

//3.如果有多个常量使用逗号间隔即可

SUMMER("夏天","炎热"),

AUTUMN("秋天","凉爽"), WINTER("冬天","寒冷"),

//3.如果使用无参构造器创建枚举对象,则实参列表和小括号都可以省略.两种写法

HAHA,//调用无参构造器

HAHAHA();//调用无参构造器

//4.如果使用enum关键字实现枚举,要求将定义的常量对象写下前面

private String name;

private String desc;//描述特性

//1.将构造器私有化,目的防止直接new出来

private Season02(String name, String desc) {

this.name = name;

this.desc = desc;

}

private Season02() {

//无参构造器

}

//2.去掉set方法,只能读取,不能修改属性

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public String getDesc() {

return desc;

}

//3.在season内部创建固定的对象

//定义了四个对象

// public static Season SPRING=new Season("春天","温暖");

// public static Season SUMMER=new Season("夏天","炎热");

// public static Season AUTUMN=new Season("秋天","凉爽");

// public static Season WINTER=new Season("冬天","寒冷");

//最终优化,加入final

// public static final Season02 SPRING=new Season02("春天","温暖");

// public static final Season02 SUMMER=new Season02("夏天","炎热");

// public static final Season02 AUTUMN=new Season02("秋天","凉爽");

// public static final Season02 WINTER=new Season02("冬天","寒冷");

//重写toString方法

@Override

public String toString() {

return "Season{" +

"name='" + name + '\'' +

", desc='" + desc + '\'' +

'}';

}

}


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