Python从门到精通(七):网络-04-创建TPC和UDP服务接口（python tcp udp）

Python从门到精通(七):网络-04-创建TPC和UDP服务接口（python tcp udp）

本章了解下socket编程以及tpc和udp，TCP/IP 中有两个具有代表性的传输层协议分别是 TCP 和 UDP，它们的主要区别是：1、udp是无连接的（广播），tcp是面向连接的；2、udp是不可靠传输，tcp是可靠传输；3、udp是面向报文传输，tcp是面向字节流传输。其它的TCP，​​UDP​​，IP，FTP，HTTP，ICMP，SMTP 等也都属于 TCP/IP 族内的协议。

一、TCP

1.1、Server

from socketserver import BaseRequestHandler, TCPServerclass EchoHandler(BaseRequestHandler): def handle(self): print(f'Got connection from {self.client_address}') while True: # msg = self.request.recv(8192) if not (msg := self.request.recv(8192)): break self.request.send(msg) print(f'received msg: {msg}')if __name__ == '__main__': serv = TCPServer(('', 20000), EchoHandler) serv.serve_forever()

1.2、Client

from socket import socket, AF_INET, SOCK_STREAMs = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)s.connect(('localhost', 20000))s.send(b'Hello, world!')s.recv(8192)

1.3、SuperServer

from socketserver import StreamRequestHandler, TCPServerfrom socketserver import ThreadingTCPServerclass EchoHandler(StreamRequestHandler): def handle(self): print(f'Got connection from {self.client_address}') # self.rfile is a file-like object for reading for line in self.rfile: # self.wfile is a file-like object for writing self.wfile.write(line)#单线程if __name__ == '__main__': serv = TCPServer(('', 20000), EchoHandler) serv.serve_forever()#多线程if __name__ == '__main__': serv = ThreadingTCPServer(('', 20000), EchoHandler) serv.serve_forever()#线程池if __name__ == '__main__': from threading import Thread NWORKERS = 16 serv = TCPServer(('', 20000), EchoHandler) for n in range(NWORKERS): t = Thread(target=serv.serve_forever) t.daemon = True t.start() serv.serve_forever()#bind_and_activate=False 允许改变一些基础配置import socketif __name__ == '__main__': serv = TCPServer(('', 20000), EchoHandler, bind_and_activate=False) # Set up various socket options serv.socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, True) # Bind and activate serv.server_bind() serv.server_activate() serv.serve_forever()if __name__ == '__main__': TCPServer.allow_reuse_address = True serv = TCPServer(('', 20000), EchoHandler) serv.serve_forever()

1.4、Socket

import socketfrom socketserver import StreamRequestHandlerclass EchoHandler(StreamRequestHandler): # Optional settings (defaults shown) # Timeout on all socket operations timeout = 5 # Read buffer size rbufsize = -1 # Write buffer size wbufsize = 0 # Sets TCP_NODELAY socket option disable_nagle_algorithm = False def handle(self): print(f'Got connection from {self.client_address}') try: for line in self.rfile: # self.wfile is a file-like object for writing self.wfile.write(line) except socket.timeout: print('Timed out!')

from socket import socket, AF_INET, SOCK_STREAMdef echo_handler(address, client_sock): print(f'Got connection from {address}') while True: # msg = client_sock.recv(8192) if not (msg := client_sock.recv(8192)): break client_sock.sendall(msg) client_sock.close()def echo_server(address, backlog=5): sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM) sock.bind(address) sock.listen(backlog) while True: client_sock, client_addr = sock.accept() echo_handler(client_addr, client_sock)if __name__ == '__main__': echo_server(('', 20000))

二、UDP

1.1、Server

from socketserver import BaseRequestHandler, UDPServerimport timeclass TimeHandler(BaseRequestHandler): def handle(self): print(f'Got connection from {self.client_address}') # Get message and client socket msg, sock = self.request resp = time.ctime() sock.sendto(resp.encode('ascii'), self.client_address)#单线程if __name__ == '__main__': serv = UDPServer(('', 20000), TimeHandler) serv.serve_forever()#多线程from socketserver import ThreadingUDPServerif __name__ == '__main__': serv = ThreadingUDPServer(('',20000), TimeHandler) serv.serve_forever()

1.2、Client

from socket import socket, AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAMs = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM)s.sendto(b'', ('localhost', 20000))s.recvfrom(8192)

1.3、Socket

from socket import socket, AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAMimport timedef time_server(address): sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM) sock.bind(address) while True: msg, addr = sock.recvfrom(8192) print(f'Got message from {addr}') resp = time.ctime() sock.sendto(resp.encode('ascii'), addr)if __name__ == '__main__': time_server(('', 20000))

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