java中的接口是类吗
274
2022-06-07
本文实例讲述了PHP面向对象程序设计之类与反射API。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:
了解类
class_exists验证类是否存在
doSpeak(); ?>
get_class 检查对象的类 instanceof 验证对象是否属于某个类
get_class_methods 得到类中所有的方法列表,只获取public的方法,protected,private的方法获取不到。默认的就是public。
output:
Array ( [0] => __construct [1] => getPlayLength [2] => getSummaryLine [3] => getProducerFirstName [4] => getProducerMainName [5] => setDiscount [6] => getDiscount [7] => getTitle [8] => getPrice [9] => getProducer )
更多验证
$method(); // invoke the method if ( in_array( $method, get_class_methods( $product ) ) ) { print $product->$method(); // invoke the method } if ( is_callable( array( $product, $method) ) ) { print $product->$method(); // invoke the method } if ( method_exists( $product, $method ) ) { print $product->$method(); // invoke the method } print_r( get_class_vars( 'CdProduct' ) ); if ( is_subclass_of( $product, 'ShopProduct' ) ) { print "CdProduct is a subclass of ShopProduct\n"; } if ( is_subclass_of( $product, 'incidental' ) ) { print "CdProduct is a subclass of incidental\n"; } if ( in_array( 'incidental', class_implements( $product )) ) { print "CdProduct is an interface of incidental\n"; } ?>
output:
title title title title Array ( [coverUrl] => ) CdProduct is a subclass of ShopProduct CdProduct is a subclass of incidental CdProduct is an interface of incidental
__call方法
thirdpartyShop = new OtherShop(); } function __call( $method, $args ) { // 当调用未命名方法时执行call方法 if ( method_exists( $this->thirdpartyShop, $method ) ) { return $this->thirdpartyShop->$method( ); } } } $d = new Delegator(); $d->thing(); ?>
output:
thing
传参使用
thirdpartyShop = new OtherShop(); } function __call( $method, $args ) { if ( method_exists( $this->thirdpartyShop, $method ) ) { return call_user_func_array( array( $this->thirdpartyShop, $method ), $args ); } } } $d = new Delegator(); $d->andAnotherThing( "hi", "hello" ); ?>
output:
another thing (hi, hello)
反射API
fullshop.php
title = $title; $this->producerFirstName = $firstName; $this->producerMainName = $mainName; $this->price = $price; } public function getProducerFirstName() { return $this->producerFirstName; } public function getProducerMainName() { return $this->producerMainName; } public function setDiscount( $num ) { $this->discount=$num; } public function getDiscount() { return $this->discount; } public function getTitle() { return $this->title; } public function getPrice() { return ($this->price - $this->discount); } public function getProducer() { return "{$this->producerFirstName}". " {$this->producerMainName}"; } public function getSummaryLine() { $base = "{$this->title} ( {$this->producerMainName}, "; $base .= "{$this->producerFirstName} )"; return $base; } } class CdProduct extends ShopProduct { private $playLength = 0; public function __construct( $title, $firstName, $mainName, $price, $playLength=78 ) { parent::__construct( $title, $firstName, $mainName, $price ); $this->playLength = $playLength; } public function getPlayLength() { return $this->playLength; } public function getSummaryLine() { $base = parent::getSummaryLine(); $base .= ": playing time - {$this->playLength}"; return $base; } } class BookProduct extends ShopProduct { private $numPages = 0; public function __construct( $title, $firstName, $mainName, $price, $numPages ) { parent::__construct( $title, $firstName, $mainName, $price ); $this->numPages = $numPages; } public function getNumberOfPages() { return $this->numPages; } public function getSummaryLine() { $base = parent::getSummaryLine(); $base .= ": page count - {$this->numPages}"; return $base; } public function getPrice() { return $this->price; } } /* $product1 = new CdProduct("cd1", "bob", "bobbleson", 4, 50 ); print $product1->getSummaryLine()."\n"; $product2 = new BookProduct("book1", "harry", "harrelson", 4, 30 ); print $product2->getSummaryLine()."\n"; */ ?>
output:
Class [
点评:把类看的透彻的一塌糊涂,比var_dump强多了。哪些属性,继承了什么类。类中的方法哪些是自己的,哪些是重写的,哪些是继承的,一目了然。
查看类数据
getName(); if ( $class->isUserDefined() ) { $details .= "$name is user defined\n"; } if ( $class->isInternal() ) { $details .= "$name is built-in\n"; } if ( $class->isInterface() ) { $details .= "$name is interface\n"; } if ( $class->isAbstract() ) { $details .= "$name is an abstract class\n"; } if ( $class->isFinal() ) { $details .= "$name is a final class\n"; } if ( $class->isInstantiable() ) { $details .= "$name can be instantiated\n"; } else { $details .= "$name can not be instantiated\n"; } return $details; } $prod_class = new ReflectionClass( 'CdProduct' ); print classData( $prod_class ); ?>
output:
CdProduct is user defined CdProduct can be instantiated
查看方法数据
getMethods(); foreach ( $methods as $method ) { print methodData( $method ); print "\n----\n"; } function methodData( ReflectionMethod $method ) { $details = ""; $name = $method->getName(); if ( $method->isUserDefined() ) { $details .= "$name is user defined\n"; } if ( $method->isInternal() ) { $details .= "$name is built-in\n"; } if ( $method->isAbstract() ) { $details .= "$name is abstract\n"; } if ( $method->isPublic() ) { $details .= "$name is public\n"; } if ( $method->isProtected() ) { $details .= "$name is protected\n"; } if ( $method->isPrivate() ) { $details .= "$name is private\n"; } if ( $method->isStatic() ) { $details .= "$name is static\n"; } if ( $method->isFinal() ) { $details .= "$name is final\n"; } if ( $method->isConstructor() ) { $details .= "$name is the constructor\n"; } if ( $method->returnsReference() ) { $details .= "$name returns a reference (as opposed to a value)\n"; } return $details; } ?>
output:
__construct is user defined __construct is public __construct is the constructor ---- getPlayLength is user defined getPlayLength is public ---- getSummaryLine is user defined getSummaryLine is public ---- getProducerFirstName is user defined getProducerFirstName is public ---- getProducerMainName is user defined getProducerMainName is public ---- setDiscount is user defined setDiscount is public ---- getDiscount is user defined getDiscount is public ---- getTitle is user defined getTitle is public ---- getPrice is user defined getPrice is public ---- getProducer is user defined getProducer is public
获取构造函数参数情况
getMethod( "__construct" ); $params = $method->getParameters(); foreach ( $params as $param ) { print argData( $param )."\n"; } function argData( ReflectionParameter $arg ) { $details = ""; $declaringclass = $arg->getDeclaringClass(); $name = $arg->getName(); $class = $arg->getClass(); $position = $arg->getPosition(); $details .= "\$$name has position $position\n"; if ( ! empty( $class ) ) { $classname = $class->getName(); $details .= "\$$name must be a $classname object\n"; } if ( $arg->isPassedByReference() ) { $details .= "\$$name is passed by reference\n"; } if ( $arg->isDefaultValueAvailable() ) { $def = $arg->getDefaultValue(); $details .= "\$$name has default: $def\n"; } if ( $arg->allowsNull() ) { $details .= "\$$name can be null\n"; } return $details; } ?>
output:
$title has position 0 $title can be null $firstName has position 1 $firstName can be null $mainName has position 2 $mainName can be null $price has position 3 $price can be null $playLength has position 4 $playLength has default: 78 $playLength can be null
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