系统学习Python——单元测试unittest：内置装饰器

系统学习Python——单元测试unittest：内置装饰器

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在自动化测试过程中，我们可能会遇到这样的场景：在某些情况下，测试用例虽然不需要执行，但是我们又不愿意删掉它。下面来看看​​unittest​​提供的装饰器功能。

无条件跳过装饰器

下面的代码借助​​@unittest.skip('skip info')​​装饰器，演示无条件跳过执行某个方法：

import unittestclass MyTestClassOne(unittest.TestCase): @classmethod def setUpClass(cls): print('setUpClass') def setUp(self): print('setUp') def test_001(self): print('test_first') self.assertEqual(0, 0) @unittest.skip('skip info') def test_002(self): print('test_second') self.assertEqual(0, 0) def test_003(self): print('test_third') self.assertEqual(0, 0) def test_004(self): print('test_fourth') self.assertEqual(0, 0) def tearDown(self): print('tearDown') @classmethod def tearDownClass(cls): print('tearDownClass')

运行结果如下：

============================= test session starts =============================collecting ... collected 4 itemstestclass.py::MyTestClassOne::test_001 setUpClasssetUptest_firsttearDowntestclass.py::MyTestClassOne::test_002 SKIPPED (skip info) Skipped: skip infotestclass.py::MyTestClassOne::test_003setUptest_thirdtearDowntestclass.py::MyTestClassOne::test_004setUptest_fourthtearDowntearDownClass======================== 3 passed, 1 skipped in 0.03s =========================Process finished with exit code 0

满足条件跳过装饰器

下面的代码借助​​@unittest.skipIf(condition， 'info')​​装饰器，演示当满足某个条件时，跳过执行某个方法：

import unittestclass MyTestClassOne(unittest.TestCase): i = 10 @classmethod def setUpClass(cls): print('setUpClass') def setUp(self): print('setUp') def test_001(self): print('test_first') self.assertEqual(0, 0) @unittest.skipIf(i > 1, 'info') def test_002(self): print('test_second') self.assertEqual(0, 0) def test_003(self): print('test_third') self.assertEqual(0, 0) def test_004(self): print('test_fourth') self.assertEqual(0, 0) def tearDown(self): print('tearDown') @classmethod def tearDownClass(cls): print('tearDownClass')if __name__ == '__main__': unittest.main()

因为变量​​i = 1​​​，满足​​i > 0​​​的条件，所以跳过执行​​test_002​​用例，运行结果如下：

============================= test session starts =============================collecting ... collected 4 itemstestclass.py::MyTestClassOne::test_001 setUpClassPASSED [ 25%]setUptest_firsttearDowntestclass.py::MyTestClassOne::test_002 SKIPPED (info) [ 50%]Skipped: infotestclass.py::MyTestClassOne::test_003 PASSED [ 75%]setUptest_thirdtearDowntestclass.py::MyTestClassOne::test_004 PASSED [100%]setUptest_fourthtearDowntearDownClass======================== 3 passed, 1 skipped in 0.03s =========================Process finished with exit code 0

不满足条件跳过

下面的代码借助@unittest.skipUnless(a==5,‘info’)装饰器，演示当不满足某个条件时，跳过执行某个方法。

import unittestclass MyTestClassOne(unittest.TestCase): i = -1 @classmethod def setUpClass(cls): print('setUpClass') def setUp(self): print('setUp') self.i = 1 def test_001(self): print('test_first') self.assertEqual(0, 0) def test_002(self): print('test_second') self.assertEqual(0, 0) def test_003(self): print('test_third') self.assertEqual(0, 0) @unittest.skipUnless(i > 0, 'info') def test_004(self): print('test_fourth') self.assertEqual(0, 0) def tearDown(self): print('tearDown') @classmethod def tearDownClass(cls): print('tearDownClass')if __name__ == '__main__': unittest.main()

因为​​i < 0​​​不满足条件，所以跳过​​test_004​​用例，运行结果如下：

============================= test session starts =============================collecting ... collected 4 itemstestclass.py::MyTestClassOne::test_001 testclass.py::MyTestClassOne::test_002 testclass.py::MyTestClassOne::test_003 testclass.py::MyTestClassOne::test_004 ======================== 3 passed, 1 skipped in 0.03s =========================Process finished with exit code 0setUpClasssetUptest_firsttearDownsetUptest_secondtearDownsetUptest_thirdtearDownSKIPPED (info) Skipped: infotearDownClass

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