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2022-09-07
详解SpringBoot如何实现整合微信登录
详解SpringBoot如何实现整合微信登录
目录1.准备工作1.1 获取微信登录凭证1.2 配置文件1.3 添加依赖1.4 创建读取公共常量的工具类1.5 HttpClient工具类2.实现微信登录2.1 具体流程2.2 生成微信扫描的二维码（请求CODE）2.3 回调
1.准备工作
1.1 获取微信登录凭证
前往官网微信开放平台 (qq.com)，完成以下步骤：
1.注册
2.邮箱激活
3.完善开发者资料
4.开发者资质认证
5.创建网站应用
1.2 配置文件
在配置文件application.properties添加相关配置信息：
# 微信开放平台 appid
wx.open.app_id=你的appid
# 微信开放平台 appsecret
wx.open.app_secret=你的appsecret
# 微信开放平台重定向url
wx.open.redirect_url=http://81/api/ucenter/wx/callback
1.3 添加依赖
1.4 创建读取公共常量的工具类
创建读取公共常量的工具类ConstantWxUtils：
/**
* @author xppll
* @date 2021/12/11 14:39
*/
@Component
public class ConstantWxUtils implements InitializingBean {
@Value("${wx.open.app_id}")
private String appId;
@Value("${wx.open.app_secret}")
private String appSecret;
@Value("${wx.open.redirect_url}")
private String redirectUrl;
public static String WX_OPEN_APP_ID;
public static String WX_OPEN_APP_SECRET;
public static String WX_OPEN_REDIRECT_URL;
@Override
public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
WX_OPEN_APP_ID = appId;
WX_OPEN_APP_SECRET = appSecret;
WX_OPEN_REDIRECT_URL = redirectUrl;
}
}
1.5 HttpClient工具类
/**
* 依赖的jar包有：commons-lang-2.6.jar、httpclient-4.3.2.jar、httpcore-4.3.1.jar、commons-io-2.4.jar
* @author zhaoyb
*
*/
public class HttpClientUtils {
public static final int connTimeout=10000;
public static final int readTimeout=10000;
public static final String charset="UTF-8";
private static HttpClient client = null;
static {
PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager cm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager();
cm.setMaxTotal(128);
cm.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(128);
client = HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(cm).build();
}
public static String postParameters(String url, String parameterStr) throws ConnectTimeoutException, SocketTimeoutException, Exception{
return post(url,parameterStr,"application/x-www-form-urlencoded",charset,connTimeout,readTimeout);
}
public static String postParameters(String url, String parameterStr,String charset, Integer connTimeout, Integer readTimeout) throws ConnectTimeoutException, SocketTimeoutException, Exception{
return post(url,parameterStr,"application/x-www-form-urlencoded",charset,connTimeout,readTimeout);
}
public static String postParameters(String url, Map
SocketTimeoutException, Exception {
return postForm(url, params, null, connTimeout, readTimeout);
}
public static String postParameters(String url, Map
SocketTimeoutException, Exception {
return postForm(url, params, null, connTimeout, readTimeout);
}
public static String get(String url) throws Exception {
return get(url, charset, null, null);
}
public static String get(String url, String charset) throws Exception {
return get(url, charset, connTimeout, readTimeout);
}
/**
* 发送一个 Post 请求, 使用指定的字符集编码.
*
* @param url
* @param body RequestBody
* @param mimeType 例如 application/xml "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" a=1&b=2&c=3
* @param charset 编码
* @param connTimeout 建立链接超时时间,毫秒.
* @param readTimeout 响应超时时间,毫秒.
* @return ResponseBody, 使用指定的字符集编码.
* @throws ConnectTimeoutException 建立链接超时异常
* @throws SocketTimeoutException 响应超时
* @throws Exception
*/
public static String post(String url, String body, String mimeType,String charset, Integer connTimeout, Integer readTimeout)
throws ConnectTimeoutException, SocketTimeoutException, Exception {
HttpClient client = null;
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
String result = "";
try {
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(body)) {
HttpEntity entity = new StringEntity(body, ContentType.create(mimeType, charset));
post.setEntity(entity);
}
// 设置参数
Builder customReqConf = RequestConfig.custom();
if (connTimeout != null) {
customReqConf.setConnectTimeout(connTimeout);
}
if (readTimeout != null) {
customReqConf.setSocketTimeout(readTimeout);
}
post.setConfig(customReqConf.build());
HttpResponse res;
if (url.startsWith("https")) {
// 执行 Https 请求.
client = createSSLInsecureClient();
res = client.execute(post);
} else {
// 执行 Http 请求.
client = HttpClientUtils.client;
res = client.execute(post);
}
result = IOUtils.toString(res.getEntity().getContent(), charset);
} finally {
post.releaseConnection();
if (url.startsWith("https") && client != null&& client instanceof CloseableHttpClient) {
((CloseableHttpClient) client).close();
}
}
return result;
}
/**
* 提交form表单
*
* @param url
* @param params
* @param connTimeout
* @param readTimeout
* @return
* @throws ConnectTimeoutException
* @throws SocketTimeoutException
* @throws Exception
*/
public static String postForm(String url, Map
SocketTimeoutException, Exception {
HttpClient client = null;
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
try {
if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
List
Set
for (Entry
formParams.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));
}
UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formParams, Consts.UTF_8);
post.setEntity(entity);
}
if (headers != null && !headers.isEmpty()) {
for (Entry
post.addHeader(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
}
}
// 设置参数
Builder customReqConf = RequestConfig.custom();
if (connTimeout != null) {
customReqConf.setConnectTimeout(connTimeout);
}
if (readTimeout != null) {
customReqConf.setSocketTimeout(readTimeout);
}
post.setConfig(customReqConf.build());
HttpResponse res = null;
if (url.startsWith("https")) {
// 执行 Https 请求.
client = createSSLInsecureClient();
res = client.execute(post);
} else {
// 执行 Http 请求.
client = HttpClientUtils.client;
res = client.execute(post);
}
return IOUtils.toString(res.getEntity().getContent(), "UTF-8");
} finally {
post.releaseConnection();
if (url.startsWith("https") && client != null
&& client instanceof CloseableHttpClient) {
((CloseableHttpClient) client).close();
}
}
}
/**
* 发送一个 GET 请求
*
* @param url
* @param charset
* @param connTimeout 建立链接超时时间,毫秒.
* @param readTimeout 响应超时时间,毫秒.
* @return
* @throws ConnectTimeoutException 建立链接超时
* @throws SocketTimeoutException 响应超时
* @throws Exception
*/
public static String get(String url, String charset, Integer connTimeout,Integer readTimeout)
throws ConnectTimeoutException,SocketTimeoutException, Exception {
HttpClient client = null;
HttpGet get = new HttpGet(url);
String result = "";
try {
// 设置参数
Builder customReqConf = RequestConfig.custom();
if (connTimeout != null) {
customReqConf.setConnectTimeout(connTimeout);
}
if (readTimeout != null) {
customReqConf.setSocketTimeout(readTimeout);
}
get.setConfig(customReqConf.build());
HttpResponse res = null;
if (url.startsWith("https")) {
// 执行 Https 请求.
client = createSSLInsecureClient();
res = client.execute(get);
} else {
// 执行 Http 请求.
client = HttpClientUtils.client;
res = client.execute(get);
}
result = IOUtils.toString(res.getEntity().getContent(), charset);
} finally {
get.releaseConnection();
if (url.startsWith("https") && client != null && client instanceof CloseableHttpClient) {
((CloseableHttpClient) client).close();
}
}
return result;
}
/**
* 从 response 里获取 charset
*
* @param ressponse
* @return
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unused")
private static String getCharsetFromResponse(HttpResponse ressponse) {
// Content-Type:text/html; charset=GBK
if (ressponse.getEntity() != null && ressponse.getEntity().getContentType() != null && ressponse.getEntity().getContentType().getValue() != null) {
String contentType = ressponse.getEntity().getContentType().getValue();
if (contentType.contains("charset=")) {
return contentType.substring(contentType.indexOf("charset=") + 8);
}
}
rehttp://turn null;
}
/**
* 创建 SSL连接
* @return
* @throws GeneralSecurityException
*/
private static CloseableHttpClient createSSLInsecureClient() throws GeneralSecurityException {
try {
SSLContext sslContext = new SSLContextBuilder().loadTrustMaterial(null, new TrustStrategy() {
public boolean isTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain,String authType) throws CertificateException {
return true;
}
}).build();
SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext, new X509HostnameVerifier() {
@Override
public boolean verify(String arg0, SSLSession arg1) {
return true;
}
@Override
public void verify(String host, SSLSocket ssl)
throws IOException {
}
@Override
public void verify(String host, X509Certificate cert)
throws SSLException {
}
@Override
public void verify(String host, String[] cns,
String[] subjectAlts) throws SSLException {
}
});
return HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(sslsf).build();
} catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
throw e;
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
String str= post("https://localhost:443/ssl/test.shtml","name=12&page=34","application/x-www-form-urlencoded", "UTF-8", 10000, 10000);
//String str= get("https://localhost:443/ssl/test.shtml?name=12&page=34","GBK");
/*Map
map.put("name", "111");
map.put("page", "222");
String str= postForm("https://localhost:443/ssl/test.shtml",map,null, 10000, 10000);*/
System.out.println(str);
} catch (ConnectTimeoutException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SocketTimeoutException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
2.实现微信登录
可以参考官方文档：[网站应用微信登录开发指南](准备工作 | 微信开放文档 (qq.com))
2.1 具体流程
第三方发起微信授权登录请求，微信用户允许授权第三方应用后，微信会拉起应用或重定向到第三方网站，并且带上授权临时票据code参数
通过code参数加上AppID和AppSecret等，通过API换取access_token
通过access_token进行接口调用，获取用户基本数据资源或帮助用户实现基本操作
获取access_token时序图：
2.2 生成微信扫描的二维码（请求CODE）
controller层：
/**
* @author xppll
* @date 2021/12/11 14:48
*/
@CrossOrigin
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/api/ucenter/wx")
public class WxApiController {
@Autowired
private UcenterMemberService memberService;
/**
* 生成微信扫描二维码
* @return 定向到请求微信地址
*/
@GetMapping("login")
public String getWxCode() {
//微信开放平台授权baseUrl
String baseUrl = "https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/qrconnect" +
"?appid=%s" +
"&redirect_uri=%s" +
"&response_type=code" +
"&scope=snsapi_login" +
"&state=%s" +
"#wechat_redirect";
//对redirect_url进行URLEncoder编码
String redirectUrl = ConstantWxUtils.WX_OPEN_REDIRECT_URL;
try {
redirectUrl = URLEncoder.encode(redirectUrl, "UTF-8");
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
throw new GuliException(20001, e.getMessage());
}
//设置%s的值
String url = String.format(
baseUrl,
ConstantWxUtils.WX_OPEN_APP_ID,
redirectUrl,
"atguigu"
);
//重定向到请求微信地址
return "redirect:" + url;
}
}
访问：http://localhost:8160/api/ucenter/wx/login
访问授权url后会得到一个微信登录二维码：
用户扫描二维码会看到确认登录的页面：
用户点击“确认登录”后，微信服务器会向谷粒学院的业务服务器发起回调，因此接下来我们需要开发回调controller
2.3 回调
具体分几步：
1.通过code获取access_token
https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token?appid=APPID&secret=SECRET&code=CODE&grant_type=authorization_code
参数
是否必须
说明
appid
是
应用唯一标识，在微信开放平台提交应用审核通过后获得
secret
是
应用密钥AppSecret，在微信开放平台提交应用审核通过后获得
code
是
填写第一步获取的code参数
grant_type
是
填authorization_code
2.从返回结果获取两个值access_token、openid
3.通过openid查询数据库判断该用户是不是第一次登录
4.如果是第一次登录，根据access_token和openid再去访问微信的资源服务器，获取用户信息，存入数据库
5.使用jwt根据member对象生成token字符串，最后返回首页面，通过路径传递token字符串
/**
* 获取扫描人信息，添加数据
* @param code 类似于手机验证码，随机唯一的值
* @param state 用于保持请求和回调的状态，授权请求后原样带回给第三方
* @return
*/
@GetMapping("callback")
public String callback(String code, String state) {
try {
//获取code值，临时票据类似于验证码
//拿着code请求微信固定的地址，得到两个值
//1.向认证服务器发送请求换取access_token
String baseAccessTokenUrl =
"https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token" +
"?appid=%s" +
"&secret=%s" +
"&code=%s" +
"&grant_type=authorizathttp://ion_code";
//拼接三个参数：id 密钥 和 code值
String accessTokenUrl = String.format(
baseAccessTokenUrl,
ConstantWxUtils.WX_OPEN_APP_ID,
ConstantWxUtils.WX_OPEN_APP_SECRET,
code
);
//2.请求拼接好的地址，得到返回的两个值access_token和openid
//使用httpclient发送请求，得到返回结果(json形式的字符串)
String accessTokenInfo = HttpClientUtils.get(accessTokenUrl);
//从accessTokenInfo字符串获取两个值access_token、openid
//把accessTokenInfo字符串转换为map集合，根据map里面的key获取值
//这里使用json转换工具Gson
Gson gson = new Gson();
HashMap accessTokenMap = gson.fromJson(accessTokenInfo, HashMap.class);
String access_token = (String) accessTokenMap.get("access_token");
String openid = (String) accessTokenMap.get("openid");
//3.判断该用户是不是第一次扫码登录
//通过openid判断
UcenterMember member = memberService.getOpenIdMember(openid);
//4.只有第一次登录才获取信息
if (member == null) {
//根据access_token和openid再去访问微信的资源服务器，获取用户信息
String baseUserInfoUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/userinfo" +
"?access_token=%s" +
"&openid=%s";
String userInfoUrl = String.format(
baseUserInfoUrl,
access_token,
openid
);
//发送请求，得到用户信息
String userInfo = HttpClientUtils.get(userInfoUrl);
System.out.println(userInfo);
//将用户信息存入数据库
//把json转换为map
HashMap userInfoMap = gson.fromJson(userInfo, HashMap.class);
//得到nickname
String ngtZyFickname = (String) userInfoMap.get("nickname");
//得到微信头像avatar
String headimgurl = (String) userInfoMap.get("headimgurl");
member = new UcenterMember();
member.setOpenid(openid);
member.setNickname(nickname);
member.setAvatar(headimgurl);
memberService.save(member);
}
//5.使用jwt根据member对象生成token字符串
String jwtToken = JwtUtils.getJwtToken(member.getId(), member.getNickname());
//最后返回首页面，通过路径传递token字符串
return "redirect:http://localhost:3000?token=" + jwtToken;
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new GuliException(20001, "微信登录失败");
}
}
判断该用户是不是第一次扫码登录
以上就是详解SpringBoot如何实现整合微信登录的详细内容，更多关于SpringBoot整合微信登录的资料请关注我们其它相关文章！
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