【信号处理】语音信号频谱分析含Matlab源码（信号的频域分析及matlab实现）

【信号处理】语音信号频谱分析含Matlab源码（信号的频域分析及matlab实现）

1 简介

语音信号处理技术是语音处理领域中新近发展起来的一个学科分支,MATLAB是一个数据分析和处理功能十分强大的工程实用软件,运用它来进行语音信号的采集,分析和处理相当便捷.文章介绍了在Matlab环境中如何采集语音信号和语音信号采集后的频谱分析处理,并通过实例分析了语音信号处理的Matlab.

2 完整代码

function varargout = Gui1_6(varargin)% GUI1_6 MATLAB code for Gui1_6.fig% GUI1_6, by itself, creates a new GUI1_6 or raises the existing% singleton*.%% H = GUI1_6 returns the handle to a new GUI1_6 or the handle to% the existing singleton*.%% GUI1_6('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local% function named CALLBACK in GUI1_6.M with the given input arguments.%% GUI1_6('Property','Value',...) creates a new GUI1_6 or raises the% existing singleton*. Starting from the left, property value pairs are% applied to the GUI before Gui1_6_OpeningFcn gets called. An% unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application% stop. All inputs are passed to Gui1_6_OpeningFcn via varargin.%% *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu. Choose "GUI allows only one% instance to run (singleton)".%% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES% Edit the above text to modify the response to help Gui1_6% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 22-Sep-2020 22:43:04% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDITgui_Singleton = 1;gui_State = struct('gui_Name', mfilename, ... 'gui_Singleton', gui_Singleton, ... 'gui_OpeningFcn', @Gui1_6_OpeningFcn, ... 'gui_OutputFcn', @Gui1_6_OutputFcn, ... 'gui_LayoutFcn', [] , ... 'gui_Callback', []);if nargin && ischar(varargin{1}) gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});endif nargout [varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});else gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});end% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT% --- Executes just before Gui1_6 is made visible.function Gui1_6_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.% hObject handle to figure% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% varargin command line arguments to Gui1_6 (see VARARGIN)% Choose default command line output for Gui1_6handles.output = hObject;% Update handles structureguidata(hObject, handles);set(handles.slider1,'value',0);% UIWAIT makes Gui1_6 wait for user response (see UIRESUME)% uiwait(handles.figure1);% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.function varargout = Gui1_6_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % varargout cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);% hObject handle to figure% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Get default command line output from handles structurevarargout{1} = handles.output;% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton1.function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global h; h=handles;global mytimer; start(mytimer);global m;global pyr;m=0;global m1; global m2;m1=1;m2=0;global abc;global Fs;Fs=44100;global pyr;[pyr,Fs]=audioread(abc);sound(pyr,Fs); %声音回放%n=length(pyr);% pyr1=fft(pyr,n);% A1=abs(pyr1)/(n/2);% f=linspace(0,Fs/2,n/2);% plot(handles.axes3,f,A1(1:n/2));% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton2.function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton2 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global abc;global Fs;global pyr;Fs=44100;[FileName,PathName] = uigetfile('*.mp3','Select the audio-file');abc=fullfile(PathName,FileName);set(handles.edit1,'String',abc);[pyr,Fs]=audioread(abc);%声音读取plot(handles.axes1,pyr);%显示音频的时间；global t;global num;t=length(pyr(:,1))/Fs;num=length(pyr(:,1));t1=sprintf('%.1f',t);set(handles.edit4,'string',t1);function edit1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit1 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit1 as text% str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit1 as a double% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.function edit1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit1 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.% See ISPC and COMPUTER.if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');end% --- Executes on slider movement.function slider1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to slider1 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global abc;global Fs;global num;a=100*get(handles.slider1,'value');%s2=sprintf('%.1f',a); set(handles.edit3,'String',s2); %v2 = str2double(s2);v2=a;v2=round(v2);num1=round(num);if(v2<=10) v2=20; m4=round(num1*v2/100); m3=round(num1*(v2-10)/100);else m4=round(num1*v2/100); m3=round(num1*(v2-10)/100);endsample=[m3,m4];[pyr3,Fs]=audioread(abc,sample);plot(handles.axes2,pyr3);%播放频谱n=length(pyr3);pyr4=fft(pyr3,n);A1=abs(pyr4)/(n/2);f=linspace(0,Fs/2,n/2);plot(handles.axes3,f,A1(1:n/2));% Hints: get(hObject,'Value') returns position of slider% get(hObject,'Min') and get(hObject,'Max') to determine range of slider% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.function slider1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to slider1 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: slider controls usually have a light gray background.if isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor',[.9 .9 .9]);end% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.function figure1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to figure1 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns calledglobal mytimer;mytimer = timer('StartDelay',0, 'Period',0.1,'TasksToExecute',10000,'ExecutionMode', 'fixedRate');mytimer.TimerFcn ={@my_callback_fcn};function my_callback_fcn(obj,event)global Fs;global m;global h;global mytimer;%global pyr;global t;%a=size(pyr,1); %先矩阵运算，在用结果另起一行，计算分开写！！！%a=length(pyr(:,1))/fs %求音乐的时间t=round(t);%a/Fs;%音乐时间period=0.1;n1=t/period;%移动次数dn=1/n1;%slider每一次移动的值m=m+dn;%设置滚动条的位置if(m>=1) m=1; stop(mytimer); set(h.slider1,'value',m); m=0; set(h.slider1,'value',m);else set(h.slider1,'value',m);end%波形随时间变动global abc;global m1;global m2;global num;dm=round(num/n1);%每一次选取区域的变动指；m2=m2+dm;if(m2>=num) m2=num; m1=m2-dm;end sample=[m1,m2];m1=m2;[pyr1,Fs]=audioread(abc,sample);plot(h.axes2,pyr1);%播放频谱n=length(pyr1);pyr2=fft(pyr1,n);A1=abs(pyr2)/round(n/2);f=linspace(0,Fs/2,round(n/2));plot(h.axes3,f,A1(1:round(n/2)));function edit3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit3 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit3 as text% str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit3 as a double% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.function edit3_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit3 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.% See ISPC and COMPUTER.if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');endfunction edit4_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit4 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit4 as text% str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit4 as a double% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.function edit4_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit4 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.% See ISPC and COMPUTER.if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');end

3 仿真结果

4 参考文献

[1]徐靖涛, 王金根. 基于MATLAB的语音信号分析和处理[J]. 重庆科技学院学报：自然科学版, 2008, 10(1):5.

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