Spring中的aware接口详情
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2022-09-24
大型公司网络之——OSPF高级配置(实验)(ospf协议适用于 中小型网络)
OSPF高级配置
路由重分发:
一.理解路由重分发:
1.一个单一IP路由协议是管理网络中IP路由的首选方案 2.Cisco ISO能执行多个路由协议,每一个路由协议和该路由协议所服务的网络属于同一个自治系统 3.Cisco ISO使用路由重分发特性以交换不同协议创建的路由信息
二.路由重分发的考虑:
1.度量值 2.管理距离
三.重分发到OSPF域中路由的路径类型:
1.类型1的外部路径(type1 external path,E1) 2.类型2的外部路径(type2 external path,E2)
路由重分发配置
一.路由重分发配置命令:
Router(config-router)#redistribute protocol metric metric-value metric-type type-value subnets
二.OSPF与RIP重分发配置实例:
router rip redistribute ospf 1metric 10 router ospf 1 redistribute rip metric 200 subnets
三.OSPF重分发静态路由配置实例:
router ospf 1 redistribute static metric 100 subnets metric-type2
四.OSPF重分发默认路由配置实例:
router ospf 1 network 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 default-information originate metric 10 netric-type 1 ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.1.1
OSPF高级配置实验:(GNS3中拓扑图如下)
实验环境准备:GNS3及与之相连的CRT
实验中需要用到的协议有:默认路由协议、静态路由协议、RIP协议、OSPF协议
第一步:根据拓扑图上的端口环境配置端口地址:
R1:
R1#conf t R1(config)#int f0/0 R1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0 R1(config-if)#no shut R1(config-if)#int f0/1 R1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0 R1(config-if)#no shut R1(config-if)#ex R1(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.20.0 //末梢网络环境配置默认路由出去,指向下一跳地址
R2:
R2#conf t R2(config)#int f0/1 R2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.20.2 255.255.255.0 R2(config-if)#no shut R2(config-if)#ex R2(config)#int f0/0 R2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.0 R2(config-if)#no shut R2(config-if)#ex R2(config)#router ospf 1 //启用OSPF进程1 R2(config-router)#router-id 2.2.2.2 //标注router-id R2(config-router)#network 192.168.30.0 0.0.0.255 area 1 //宣告30段落的网段,在area1中 R2(config-router)#ex R2(config)#ip route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.20.1 //做静态路由 R2(config)#router ospf 1 //启用OSPF进程1 R2(config-router)#redistribute connected subnets //直连网段20段落注入 R2(config-router)#redistribute static subnets //静态网段10段落注入 R2(config-router)#ex
R3:
R3#conf t R3(config)#int f0/0 R3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.30.2 255.255.255.0 R3(config-if)#no shut R3(config-if)#int f0/1 R3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.40.1 255.255.255.0 R3(config-if)#no shut R3(config-if)#int f1/0 R3(config-if)#ip add 12.0.0.1 255.255.255.0 R3(config-if)#no shut R3(config-if)#int f2/0 R3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.70.1 255.255.255.0 R3(config-if)#no shut R3(config-if)#do show ip int b Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 192.168.30.2 YES manual up up FastEthernet0/1 192.168.40.1 YES manual up up FastEthernet1/0 12.0.0.1 YES manual up up FastEthernet2/0 192.168.70.1 YES manual up up R3(config-if)#ex R3(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 12.0.0.2 //配置默认路由出去,指向下一跳 R3(config)#router ospf 1 //启用OSPF进程1 R3(config-router)#router-id 3.3.3.3 //标注router-id R3(config-router)#network 192.168.30.0 0.0.0.255 area 1 //在area1中宣告30段 R3(config-router)#network 192.168.40.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 //在area0中宣告40段 R3(config-router)#network 192.168.70.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 //在area0中宣告70段 R3(config-router)#default-information originate //注入外部默认路由 R3(config-router)#ex
R4:
R4#conf t R4(config)#int f0/0 R4(config-if)#ip add 192.168.40.2 255.255.255.0 R4(config-if)#no shut R4(config-if)#int f0/1 R4(config-if)#ip add 192.168.50.1 255.255.255.0 R4(config-if)#no shut R4(config-if)#ex R4(config)#router rip //配rip协议 R4(config-router)#ver 2 R4(config-router)#no auto-summary R4(config-router)#network 192.168.50.0 R4(config-router)#redistribute ospf 1 metric 5 //注入ospf协议包含进程号和度量值 R4(config-router)#ex R4(config)#router ospf 1 //启用OSPF进程1 R4(config-router)#router-id 4.4.4.4 //标注router-id R4(config-router)#network 192.168.40.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 R4(config-router)#redistribute rip subnets //注入rip协议 R4(config-router)#ex
R5:
R5#conf t R5(config)#int f0/0 R5(config-if)#ip add 192.168.50.2 255.255.255.0 R5(config-if)#no shut R5(config-if)#int f0/1 R5(config-if)#ip add 192.168.60.1 255.255.255.0 R5(config-if)#no shut R5(config-if)#ex R5(config-if)#router rip //配rip协议 R5(config-router)#ver 2 R5(config-router)#no auto-summary R5(config-router)#network 192.168.50.0 R5(config-router)#network 192.168.60.0 R5(config-router)#ex
R6:
R6#conf t R6(config)#int f0/0 R6(config-if)#ip add 12.0.0.2 255.255.255.0 R6(config-if)#no shut R6(config-if)#int f0/1 R6(config-if)#ip add 13.0.0.1 255.255.255.0 R6(config-if)#no shut R6(config-if)#ex R6(config)#ip route 192.168.0.0 255.255.0.0 12.0.0.1 //配静态路由
第二步:进入四台客户机配置IP地址和网关:
1客户机>ip 192.168.10.2 192.168.10.1 2客户机>ip 192.168.70.2 192.168.70.1 3客户机>ip 13.0.0.13 13.0.0.1 4客户机>ip 192.168.60.2 192.169.60.1
第三步:进行全网互通测试:
进入PC1
PC1>ping 192.168.70.2 -t(长ping测试) PC1>ping 192.168.60.2 -t(长ping测试) PC1>ping 13.0.0.13 -t(长ping测试) 结果如下图,达成全网互通,实验成功!
第四步:查看所有网段是否全部互相学习了
R1:
R1(config)#do show ip route ......(省略部分显示) C 192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 C 192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1 S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.20.2
R2:
R2(config)#do show ip route ......(省略部分显示) C 192.168.30.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 O E2 192.168.60.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.30.2, 00:12:45, FastEthernet0/0 S 192.168.10.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.20.1 O IA 192.168.40.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.30.2, 01:43:09, FastEthernet0/0 C 192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1 O E2 192.168.50.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.30.2, 00:12:45, FastEthernet0/0 O IA 192.168.70.0/24 [110/11] via 192.168.30.2, 01:42:47, FastEthernet0/0 O *E2 0.0.0.0/0 [110/1] via 192.168.30.2, 01:41:24, FastEthernet0/0
R3:
R3(config)#do show ip route ......(省略部分显示) C 192.168.30.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 O E2 192.168.60.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.40.2, 00:21:06, FastEthernet0/1 O E2 192.168.10.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.30.1, 01:51:31, FastEthernet0/0 C 192.168.40.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1 O E2 192.168.20.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.30.1, 01:51:31, FastEthernet0/0 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 12.0.0.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0 O E2 192.168.50.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.40.2, 00:21:07, FastEthernet0/1 C 192.168.70.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0 S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 12.0.0.2
R4:
R4(config)#do show ip route ......(省略部分显示) O IA 192.168.30.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.40.1, 00:24:05, FastEthernet0/0 R 192.168.60.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.50.2, 00:00:00, FastEthernet0/1 O E2 192.168.10.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.40.1, 00:24:05, FastEthernet0/0 C 192.168.40.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 O E2 192.168.20.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.40.1, 00:24:05, FastEthernet0/0 C 192.168.50.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1 O 192.168.70.0/24 [110/11] via 192.168.40.1, 00:24:05, FastEthernet0/0 O*E2 0.0.0.0/0 [110/1] via 192.168.40.1, 00:24:07, FastEthernet0/0
R5:
R5(config)#do show ip route ......(省略部分显示) R 192.168.30.0/24 [120/5] via 192.168.50.1, 00:00:20, FastEthernet0/0 C 192.168.60.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1 R 192.168.10.0/24 [120/5] via 192.168.50.1, 00:00:20, FastEthernet0/0 R 192.168.40.0/24 [120/5] via 192.168.50.1, 00:00:20, FastEthernet0/0 R 192.168.20.0/24 [120/5] via 192.168.50.1, 00:00:20, FastEthernet0/0 C 192.168.50.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 R 192.168.70.0/24 [120/5] via 192.168.50.1, 00:00:20, FastEthernet0/0 R* 0.0.0.0/0 [120/1] via 192.168.50.1, 00:00:10, FastEthernet0/0
R6:
R6(config)#do show ip route ......(省略部分显示) 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 12.0.0.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 13.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 13.0.0.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1 S 192.168.0.0/16 [1/0] via 12.0.0.1
以上实验就是在大型企业网络中会应用到的OSPF的高级配置,希望能给大家带来帮助,大家也可以使用GNS3根据上面的步骤进行操作。谢谢!
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