BGP-20190321-dampening(cn2 bgp)

网友投稿 266 2022-09-26


BGP-20190321-dampening(cn2 bgp)

(1)底层配置上图中所有路由器都配有 Loopback 地址,地址分别为:R1 Loopback 0 1.1.1.1/32R2 Loopback 0 2.2.2.2/32

所有路由器之间运行 OSPF,并将 Loopback 0 的地址发布到 OSPF 中,保证全网Loopback 0 之间是可以通信的。(2)R1 与 R2 建立 eBGP 邻居关系。R1:

R1(config)#router bgp 1 R1(config-router)#bgp router-id 1.1.1.1 R1(config-router)#neighbor 2.2.2.2 remote-as 2 R1(config-router)#neighbor 2.2.2.2 update-source loopback 1 R1(config-router)#neighbor 2.2.2.2 ebgp-multihop

R2:

R2(config)#router bgp 2 R2(config-router)#bgp router-id 2.2.2.2 R2(config-router)#neighbor 1.1.1.1 remote-as 1 R2(config-router)#neighbor 1.1.1.1 update-source loopback 0 R2(config-router)#neighbor 1.1.1.1 ebgp-multihop R2(config-router)#network 10.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0 R2(config-router)#network 20.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0

说明:R2 将 10.1.1.0/24 和 20.1.1.0/24 导入 BGP 路由表中。

确保R1能收到R2发送出来的路由、R1#sh ip bgp BGP table version is 3, local router ID is 1.1.1.1Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal,r RIB-failure, S StaleOrigin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete

Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path> 10.1.1.0/24 2.2.2.2 0 0 2 i> 20.1.1.0/24 2.2.2.2 0 0 2 iR1#

(3)配置BGP惩罚.针对所有路由配置 BGP Dampening

1、在 R1 上对所有路由配置 BGP Dampening

R1(config)#router bgp 1 R1(config-router)#bgp dampening

2、查看 BGP Dampening 参数

R1#show ip bgp dampening parameters dampening 15 750 2000 60 (DEFAULT) Half-life time : 15 mins Decay Time : 2320 secs Max suppress penalty: 12000 Max suppress time: 60 mins Suppress penalty : 2000 Reuse penalty : 750 R1#

说明:以上值为 BGP Dampening 默认值。3、查看被 BGP Dampening 监控的路由

R1#show ip bgp dampening dampened-paths ` R1#

说明:因为没有路由发生翻动,所以路由为空。

4、测试dampening

R2(config)#interface loopback 10 R2(config-if)#shutdown

说明:将 10.1.1.0/24 的接口断开,表示翻动一次。

R1#show ip bgp 10.1.1.0 BGP routing table entry for 10.1.1.0/24, version 4 Paths: (1 available, no best path) Flag: 0x820 Not advertised to any peer 2 (history entry) 2.2.2.2 (metric 11) from 2.2.2.2 (2.2.2.2) Origin IGP, metric 0, localpref 100, external Dampinfo: penalty 950, flapped 1 times in 00:01:07 R1#

说明:可以看到,由于10.1.1.0/24 发生了一次翻动,所以有了 penalty 值,为950。5、测试dampening再次shutdown接口、10.1.1.0/24 翻动了多次,现在 penalty 值为1849 ,但还是低于抑制值 2000。

R2(config)#interface loopback 10 R2(config-if)#sh R2(config-if)#shutdown R2(config-if)# *Mar 1 00:28:08.647: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Loopback10, changed state to administratively down *Mar 1 00:28:09.647: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback10, changed state to down R2(config-if)#no sh R2(config-if)#no shutdown R2(config-if)#sh R2(config-if)# *Mar 1 00:31:10.799: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Loopback10, changed state to up *Mar 1 00:31:11.799: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback10, changed state to up R2(config-if)#shu R2(config-if)#shutdown R2(config-if)# *Mar 1 00:31:23.143: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Loopback10, changed state to administratively down *Mar 1 00:31:24.143: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback10, changed state to down R2(config-if)#shu R2(config-if)#shutdown R2(config-if)#

R1#show ip bgp 10.1.1.0 BGP routing table entry for 10.1.1.0/24, version 6 Paths: (1 available, no best path) Not advertised to any peer 2 (history entry) 2.2.2.2 (metric 11) from 2.2.2.2 (2.2.2.2) Origin IGP, metric 0, localpref 100, external Dampinfo: penalty 1849, flapped 2 times in 00:03:39 R1#

6、超过数值惩罚路由说明:翻动 N次后,penalty 值为 2630,大于抑制值 2000,可以被抑制了。

R1#show ip bgp 10.1.1.0 BGP routing table entry for 10.1.1.0/24, version 8 Paths: (1 available, no best path) Flag: 0x820 Not advertised to any peer 2 (history entry) 2.2.2.2 (metric 11) from 2.2.2.2 (2.2.2.2) Origin IGP, metric 0, localpref 100, external Dampinfo: penalty 2630, flapped 3 times in 00:06:27 R1#

说明:BGP 路由表中也显示了 10.1.1.0/24 是被抑制的。

R1#show ip bgp BGP table version is 8, local router ID is 1.1.1.1 Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal, r RIB-failure, S Stale Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path *d 10.1.1.0/24 2.2.2.2 0 0 2 i *> 20.1.1.0/24 2.2.2.2 0 0 2 i 注:*d 10.1.1.0/24 中的d代表是惩罚、 R1#show ip bgp dampening dampened-paths BGP table version is 8, local router ID is 1.1.1.1 Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal, r RIB-failure, S Stale Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete Network From Reuse Path *d 10.1.1.0/24 2.2.2.2 00:02:59 2 i

说明:可以看到 10.1.1.0/24 是被抑制的路由,需要注意,只有该路由重新活动 后,才能看见被抑制,否则断开的路由也是不会显示在抑制表中的。

(4).针对特定路由配置

R1(config)#access-list 20 permit 20.1.1.0 R1(config)#route-map damo permit 10 R1(config-route-map)#match ip address 20 R1(config-route-map)#set dampening 15 800 2100 60 R1(config-route-map)#exit R1(config)#route-map damo permit 20 R1(config)#router bgp 1 R1(config-router)#bgp dampening route-map damo

说明:只对 20.1.1.0/24 配置 BGP Dampening,并且自定义 Dampening 值。

查看 BGP Dampening 参数

R1#show ip bgp dampening parameters dampening 15 800 2100 60 (route-map damo 10) Half-life time : 15 mins Decay Time : 2345 secs Max suppress penalty: 12800 Max suppress time: 60 mins Suppress penalty : 2100 Reuse penalty : 800 R1#

说明:以上值为自定义的值。

1、翻滚一次

R2(config)#interface loopback 20 R2(config-if)#shutdown R2(config-if)#no shutdown R1#sh ip bgp 20.1.1.0 BGP routing table entry for 20.1.1.0/24, version 10 Paths: (1 available, no best path) Flag: 0x820 Not advertised to any peer 2 (history entry) 2.2.2.2 (metric 11) from 2.2.2.2 (2.2.2.2) Origin IGP, metric 0, localpref 100, external Dampinfo: penalty 1000, flapped 1 times in 00:00:18 R1#

说明:由于 20.1.1.0/24 翻动了一次,当前 penalty 值为 1000。

2、翻滚三次

R1#sh ip bgp 20.1.1.0 BGP routing table entry for 20.1.1.0/24, version 14 Paths: (1 available, no best path) Flag: 0x820 Not advertised to any peer 2 (history entry) 2.2.2.2 (metric 11) from 2.2.2.2 (2.2.2.2) Origin IGP, metric 0, localpref 100, external Dampinfo: penalty 2807, flapped 3 times in 00:03:58 R1#sh ip bgp dampening dampened-paths BGP table version is 14, local router ID is 1.1.1.1 Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal, r RIB-failure, S Stale Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete Network From Reuse Path *d 20.1.1.0/24 2.2.2.2 00:04:49 2 i

说明:BGP 路由表中也显示 20.1.1.0/24 是被抑制的。

R1#sh ip bgp BGP table version is 14, local router ID is 1.1.1.1 Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal, r RIB-failure, S Stale Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path *> 10.1.1.0/24 2.2.2.2 0 0 2 i *d 20.1.1.0/24 2.2.2.2 0 0 2 i R1#


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