分区

分区

分区fdisk /dev/vdb        vfat        ntfs        ext        xfsnp12048+100MppartprobeCommand (m for help): mCommand action   a  toggle a bootable flag   b  edit bsd disklabel   c  toggle the dos compatibility flag   d  delete a partition                      删除分区   g  create a new empty GPT partition table   G  create an IRIX (SGI) partition table   l  list known partition types   m  print this menu   n  add a new partition                     新建分区   o  create a new empty DOS partition table   p  print the partition table               显示分区   q  quit without saving changes             推出不保存   s  create a new empty Sun disklabel   t  change a partition's system id          修改分区功能id   u  change display/entry units   v  verify the partition table   w  write table to disk and exit            保存更改到分区表中   x  extra functionality (experts only)[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/vdbWelcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.Be careful before using the write command.                                                                                                                                                             1,4-3         TopCommand (m for help): dPartition number (1-5, default 5):Partition 5 is deletedCommand (m for help): nAll primary partitions are in useAdding logical partition 5First sector (618496-20971519, default 618496):Using default value 618496Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (618496-20971519, default 20971519):+100MPartition 5 of type Linux and of size 100 MiB is setCommand (m for help): wqThe partition table has been altered!Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.Syncing disks.分区类型位主分区分区类型位扩展分区[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/partitionsmajor minor  #blocks  name 253        0  10485760 vda 253        1  10484142 vda1 253      16   10485760 vdb 253      17     102400 vdb1 253      18     102400 vdb2 253      19     102400 vdb3 253      20          1 vdb4 253      21     102400 vdb5fdisk -l         查看系统上能识别的设备cat /proc/partitionsmkfs.xfs /dev/vdb5      格式化分区/dev/vdb5（换个文件系统）之后即可识别，挂载使用blkid                   查看系统可用的设备swapon -s               查看swap 分区大小使用情况2.swap3.磁盘加密fdisk /dev/vdbcryptsetup luksFormat /dev/vdb1cryptsetup open /dev/vdb1 westosmkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/westosmount /dev/mapper/westos /mnt/umount /mnt/cryptsetup close westos cryptsetup open /dev/vdb1 lol       cryptsetup luksFormat/dev/vdb1  密码设置成功不提示       cryptsetup open /dev/vdb1 lol    打开才能用 ll/dev/mapper/ 查看    13 ll /dev/mapper/   14 mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/lol    15 mount /dev/mapper/lol /mnt/   16 df   17 cd /mnt/             保存文件数据  挂载前后识别的是不同的设备   18 touch tiomo   19 vim tiomo    20 cat tiomo    21 umount /mnt/   22 cd    25 umount /mnt/   26 cryptsetup close lol                                                                              22.加密磁盘的永久挂载vim /etc/crypttab解密后设备文件管理文件 设备 加密字符存放文件vim /root/lukspdfilechmod 600 /root/lukspsfilecryptsetup luksAddKey /dev/vdb1 /root/lukspsfilevim /etc/fstable    /dev/mapper/taxing /mnt xfs defaults 00 reboot3.加密清除vim /etc/fstab> /etc/crypttabrm -rf /root/lukspsfileumount /mntcryptsetup close taxingmkfs.xfs /dev/vdb14.磁盘阵列C创建l执行级别a如果没有这个盘自动建立n同时几块盘创建riadx闲置    1 fdisk /dev/vdb    3 partprobe     4 cat /proc/partitions     6 mdadm -C /dev/md0 -a yes -l 1 -n 2 -x 1 /dev/vdb{1..3}    7 mkfs.xfs /dev/md0    8 cat /proc/partitions     9 mount /dev/md0 /mnt/   10 df   11 cd /mnt/   12 touch aa   13 lswatch -n 1 cat /proc/mdstat 监控/dev/md0 状态停止磁盘阵列   15 mdadm -f /dev/md0 /dev/vdb1  先 -f（使停止。处于损坏的状态） 再 -r（使删除）   16 mdadm -r /dev/md0 /dev/vdb1   17 mdadm -f /dev/md0 /dev/vdb3   18 mdadm -r /dev/md0 /dev/vdb3   20 mdadm -f /dev/md0 /dev/vdb2  最后一块在使用，不能删除，需要停止磁盘阵列   21 df   22 umount /mnt/   23 cd   24 umount /mnt/         停止磁盘阵列前先卸载   25 mdadm -S /dev/md0        停止磁盘阵列5.配额mkdir /pub chmod 1777 /pub/mount -o usrquota /dev/vdb1 /pub quotaon -uv /dev/vdb1   指定激活显示edquota -u student  编辑设置Disk quotas for user taxing (uid 1001):  Filesystem                   blocks       soft       hard    inodes     soft     hard  /dev/vdb1                    482800          0    500000          1        0       0~                                                                                                su - taxing [taxing@localhost pub]$ dd if=/dev/zero of=/pub/file bs=1M count=500dd: error writing ‘/pub/file’: No space left on device472+0 records in471+0 records out494387200 bytes (494 MB) copied, 2.10227 s, 235 MB/s永久挂载(开机启动)vim /etc/fstab    /dev/vdb1    /mnt    xfs     defaults,usrquota   0   0

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