spring boot里面对WEB API的单元测试

spring boot里面对WEB API的单元测试

如前一篇文章（​​《spring boot web api》​​）所述，spring boot项目里提供web api非常方便。而作为开发人员，自己写的api，首先要自己先测试一轮，通过才能给其他人调用。API就是用来调用的，所以沟通、测试显得特别重要。

程序员测试，当然是单元测试了。下面是一个完整的单元测试代码。待测试的API是POST访问方式的api，有两个：一个提交参数格式为json，一个为键值对。

import api.entity.Author;import api.entity.EnumSex;import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectWriter;import org.junit.After;import org.junit.Before;import org.junit.Test;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;import org.springframework.org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers;import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers.print;@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)@SpringBootTestpublic class MyTest { @Autowired private WebApplicationContext wac; private MockMvc mockMvc; @Before public void setUp() { mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(wac).build(); } @After public void after() throws Exception { mockMvc = null; } @Test public void testJson() throws Exception {//测试提交参数为JSON格式 Author req = new Author();//Author是自定义的类 req.setName("zhang3"); req.setDesc("foolish"); req.setSex(EnumSex.Male); ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper(); ObjectWriter ow = mapper.writer().withDefaultPrettyPrinter(); java.lang.String requestJson = ow.writeValueAsString(req); mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/api/authors/json/1?t=108") .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON).content(requestJson)) .andDo(print()) .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk()) .andReturn().getResponse().getContentAsString(); System.out.println("ok!!!"); } @Test public void testKv() throws Exception {//测试提交参数为键值对格式 Author req = new Author(); req.setName("li4"); req.setDesc("foolish"); req.setSex(EnumSex.Male); ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper(); ObjectWriter ow = mapper.writer().withDefaultPrettyPrinter(); java.lang.String requestJson = ow.writeValueAsString(req); mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/api/authors/kv/1?t=108") .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED).content(requestJson)) .andDo(print()) .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk()) .andReturn().getResponse().getContentAsString(); System.out.println("ok!!!"); }}

附API:

@RestController@RequestMapping(value="/api")public class ApiController { //提交的参数为json //主要在于注解@RequestBody @RequestMapping(value = "/authors/json/{id}", method = RequestMethod.POST) public String test(@PathVariable int id, @RequestParam("t") int type,@RequestBody Author auth){ return String.format("id:%1$d,type:%2$d,name:%3$s;params type:json",id,type,auth.getName()); } //提交的参数为键值对 @RequestMapping(value = "/authors/kv/{id}", method = RequestMethod.POST) public String test2(@PathVariable int id, @RequestParam("t") int type,Author auth){ return String.format("id:%1$d,type:%2$d,name:%3$s;params type:key-value",id,type,auth.getName()); } }

注意单元测试的类及方法都应该是public的。

想运行单元测试，则右击具体方法，run即可。

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