SpringBoot登录验证码实现过程详解

SpringBoot登录验证码实现过程详解

今天记录一下验证码的实现，希望能够帮助到大家！

首先我们看一下实现的效果：

此验证码的实现没有用到太多的插件，话不多说直接上代码，大家拿过去就可以用。

中间用到了org.apache.commons.lang3.RandomUtils工具类，需要pom配置：

org.apache.commons

commons-lang3

3.10

1.验证码类

package com.youyou.login.util.validatecode;

import lombok.Data;

/**

* 验证码类

*/

public class VerifyCode {

private Sthttp://ring code;

private byte[] imgBytes;

private long expireTime;

public String getCode() {

return code;

}

public void setCode(String code) {

this.code = code;

}

public byte[] getImgBytes() {

return imgBytes;

}

public void setImgBytes(byte[] imgBytes) {

this.imgBytes = imgBytes;

}

public long getExpireTime() {

return expireTime;

}

public void setExpireTime(long expireTime) {

this.expireTime = expireTime;

}

}

2.验证码生成接口

package com.youyou.login.util.validatecode;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.OutputStream;

/**

* 验证码生成接口

*/

public interface IVerifyCodeGen {

/**

* 生成验证码并返回code，将图片写的os中

*

* @param width

* @param height

* @param os

* @return

* @throws IOException

*/

String generate(int width, int height, OutputStream os) throws IOException;

/**

* 生成验证码对象

*

* @param width

* @param height

* @return

* @throws IOException

*/

VerifyCode generate(int width, int height) throws IOExchttp://eption;

}

3.验证码生成实现类

package com.youyou.login.util.validatecode;

import com.youyou.util.RandomUtils;

import org.slf4j.Logger;

import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;

import java.awt.*;

import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.OutputStream;

import java.util.Random;

/**

* 验证码实现类

*/

public class SimpleCharVerifyCodeGenImpl implements IVerifyCodeGen {

private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SimpleCharVerifyCodeGenImpl.class);

private static final String[] FONT_TYPES = { "u5b8bu4f53", "u65b0u5b8bu4f53", "u9ed1u4f53", "u6977u4f53", "u96b6u4e66" };

private static final int VALICATE_CODE_LENGTH = 4;

/**

* 设置背景颜色及大小，干扰线

*

* @param graphics

* @param width

* @param height

*/

private static void fillBackground(Graphics graphics, int width, int height) {

// 填充背景

graphics.setColor(Color.WHITE);

//设置矩形坐标x y 为0

graphics.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);

// 加入干扰线条

for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {

//设置随机颜色算法参数

graphics.setColor(RandomUtils.randomColor(40, 150));

Random random = new Random();

int x = random.nextint(width);

int y = random.nextint(height);

int x1 = random.nextint(width);

int y1 = random.nextint(height);

graphics.drawLine(x, y, x1, y1);

}

}

/**

* 生成随机字符

*

* @param width

* @param height

* @param os

* @return

* @throws IOException

*/

@Override

public String generate(int width, int height, OutputStream os) throws IOException {

BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);

Graphics graphics = image.getGraphics();

fillBackground(graphics, width, height);

String randomStr = RandomUtils.randomString(VALICATE_CODE_LENGTH);

createCharacter(graphics, randomStr);

graphics.dispose();

//设置JPEG格式

ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", os);

return randomStr;

}

/**

* 验证码生成

*

* @param width

* @param height

* @return

*/

@Override

public VerifyCode generate(int width, int height) {

VerifyCode verifyCode = null;

try (

//将流的初始化放到这里就不需要手动关闭流

ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

) {

String code = generate(width, height, baos);

verifyCode = new VerifyCode();

verifyCode.setCode(code);

verifyCode.setImgBytes(baos.toByteArray());

}

catch (IOException e) {

logger.error(e.getMessage(), e);

verifyCode = null;

}

return verifyCode;

}

/**

* 设置字符颜色大小

*

* @param g

* @param randomStr

*/

private void createCharacter(Graphics g, String randomStr) {

char[] charArray = randomStr.toCharArray();

for (int i = 0; i < charArray.length; i++) {

//设置RGB颜色算法参数

g.setColor(new Color(50 + RandomUtils.nextint(100),

+ RandomUtils.nextint(100), 50 + RandomUtils.nextint(100)));

//设置字体大小，类型

g.setFont(new Font(FONT_TYPES[RandomUtils.nextint(FONT_TYPES.length)], Font.BOLD, 26));

//设置x y 坐标

g.drawString(String.valueOf(charArray[i]), 15 * i + 5, 19 + RandomUtils.nextint(8));

}

}

}

4.工具类

package com.youyou.util;

import java.awt.*;

import java.util.Random;

public class RandomUtils extends org.apache.commons.lang3.RandomUtils {

private static final char[] CODE_SEQ = { 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'J',

'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W',

'X', 'Y', 'Z', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9' };

private static final char[] NUMBER_ARRAY = { '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9' };

private static Random random = new Random();

public static String randomString(int length) {

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {

sb.append(String.valueOf(CODE_SEQ[random.nextint(CODE_SEQ.length)]));

}

return sb.toString();

}

public static String randomNumberString(int length) {

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {

sb.append(String.valueOf(NUMBER_ARRAY[random.nextint(NUMBER_ARRAY.length)]));

}

return sb.toString();

}

public static Color randomColor(int fc, int bc) {

int f = fc;

int b = bc;

Random random = new Random();

if (f > 255) {

f = 255;

}

if (b > 255) {

b = 255;

}

return new Color(f + random.nextint(b - f), f + random.nextint(b - f), f + random.nextint(b - f));

}

public static int nextint(int bound) {

return random.nextint(bound);

}

}

经过以上代码，我们的验证码生成功能基本上已经实现了，现在还需要一个controller来调用它。

@ApiOperation(value = "验证码")

@GetMapping("/verifyCode")

public void verifyCode(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {

IVerifyCodeGen iVerifyCodeGen = new SimpleCharVerifyCodeGenImpl();

try {

//设置长宽

VerifyCode verifyCode = iVerifyCodeGen.generate(80, 28);

String code = verifyCode.getCode();

LOGGER.info(code);

//将VerifyCode绑定session

request.getSession().setAttribute("VerifyCode", code);

//设置响应头

response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");

//设置响应头

response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");

//在代理服务器端防止缓冲

response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);

//设置响应内容类型

response.setContentType("image/jpeg");

response.getOutputStream().write(verifyCode.getImgBytes());

response.getOutputStream().flush();

}

catch (IOException e) {

LOGGER.info("", e);

}

}

搞定！后台编写到此结束了。那么又会有博友说了：“说好的实现效果呢？”

好吧，那么我们继续前端的代码编写。

前端代码:

style="width:170px">

可以实现点击图片更换验证码。

实现效果：

当然文章开头的截图是我系统中的截图，需要大家自己去根据自己的情况去开发前端了。

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