JavaServlet的文件上传和下载实现方法

网友投稿 235 2023-02-20


JavaServlet的文件上传和下载实现方法

先分析一下上传文件的流程

1-先通过前段页面中的选择文件选择要上传的图片

index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"

contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"%>

下载

2-点击提交按钮,通过ajax的文件上传访问服务器端

common.js

var path = (function() {

//获取当前网址

var curWwwPath = window.document.location.href;

//获取主机地址之后的目录

var pathName = window.document.location.pathname;

var pos = curWwwPath.indexOf(pathName);

//获取主机地址

var localhostPath = curWwwPath.substring(0, pos);

//获取带"/"的项目名

var projectName = pathName.substring(0, pathName.substr(1).indexOf('/') + 1);

return {

curWwwPath: curWwwPath,

pathName: pathName,

localhostPath: localhostPath,

projectName: projectName,

//部署路径

deployPath: localhostPath + projectName

};

})();

// 文件下载

$("a[id=downLoad]").click(function(){

window.location.href=path.deployPath+"/fileDown";

});

// 文件上传

$("input[id=upload]").click(function() {

$.ajaxFileUpload( {

url : path.deployPath + "/fileUp", // 处理页面的绝对路径

fileElementId : "inputImage", //file空间的id属性

dataType : "json",

success : function(data) {

alert("上传成功");

}

});

});

3-服务器端响应保存或者下载

保存上传文件的FileUpload.java

import java.io.File;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.PrintWriter;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.UUID;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import net.sf.json.JSONArray;

import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;

import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException;

import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;

import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;

import com.stu.util.HttpUtil;

/**

* 文件名称: com.stu.fileupload.FileUpload.java

* 创建日期: 2018-1-31

* 功能说明: 文件上传

* =================================================

* 修改记录:

* ================================================

* Copyright (c) 2010-2011 .All rights reserved.

*/

public class FileUpload extends HttpServlet {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

@Override

protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res)

throws ServletException, IOException {

// 获取到当前服务器所在的路径

String serverPath = req.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/");

// 设置保存上传文件的路径

String saveDirPath = serverPath + "img";

File saveDirPathFileObj = new File(saveDirPath);

// 如果当用来存放文件的目录不存在时,要创建该目录

if (!saveDirPathFileObj.exists()) {

saveDirPathFileObj.mkdirs();

}

// 创建一个解析器工厂

DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();

// 设置工厂的缓存区大小

factory.setSizeThreshold(5 * 1024);

// 文件上传的解析器(文件上传对象)

ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);

// 设置上传文件的最大值

upload.setSizeMax(3 * 1024 * 1024);

// 设置编码格式

upload.setHeaderEncoding("UTF-8");

try {

// 上传以后的文件名

List uploadFileNames = new ArrayList();

List fileItems = upload.parseRequest(req);

System.out.println(fileItems);

for (FileItem file : fileItems) {

// 新的文件名

String saveFileName = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");

// 文件的后缀

String oldFileName = new String(file.getName().getBytes(),

"UTF-8");

System.out.println("oldFileName" + oldFileName);

String fileType = oldFileName.substring(oldFileName.lastIndexOf("."));

// 新的文件路径

String saveFilePath = saveDirPath + File.separator

+ saveFileName + fileType;

uploadFileNames.add(saveFileName + fileType);

// 保存上传的文件

file.write(new File(saveFilePath));

}

System.out.println(uploadFileNames);

HttpUtil.setAttribute(req, "urls", uploadFileNames);

res.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");

PrintWriter pw = res.getWriter();

pw.print(JSONArray.fromObject(uploadFileNames));

} catch (FileUploadException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

下载文件的FileDownload.java

import java.io.File;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.PrintWriter;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.UUID;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import net.sf.json.JSONArray;

import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;

import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException;

import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;

import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;

import com.stu.util.HttpUtil;

/**

* 文件名称: com.stu.fileupload.FileUpload.java

* 创建日期: 2018-1-31

* 功能说明: 文件上传

* =================================================

* 修改记录:

* ================================================

* Copyright (c) 2010-2011 .All rights reserved.

*/

public class FileUpload extends HttpServlet {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

@Override

protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res)

throws ServletException, IOException {

// 获取到当前服务器所在的路径

String serverPath = req.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/");

// 设置保存上传文件的路径

String saveDirPath = serverPath + "img";

File saveDirPathFileObj = new File(saveDirPath);

// 如果当用来存放文件的目录不存在时,要创建该目录

if (!saveDirPathFileObj.exists()) {

saveDirPathFileObj.mkdirs();

}

// 创建一个解析器工厂

DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();

// 设置工厂的缓存区大小

factory.setSizeThreshold(5 * 1024);

// 文件上传的解析器(文件上传对象)

ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);

// 设置上传文件的最大值

upload.setSizeMax(3 * 1024 * 1024);

// 设置编码格式

upload.setHeaderEncoding("UTF-8");

try {

// 上传以后的文件名

List uploadFileNames = new ArrayList();

List fileItems = upload.parseRequest(req);

System.out.println(fileItems);

for (FileItem file : fileItems) {

// 新的文件名

String saveFileName = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");

// 文件的后缀

String oldFileName = new String(file.getName().getBytes(),

"UTF-8");

System.out.println("oldFileName" + oldFileName);

String fileType = oldFileName.substring(oldFileName.lastIndexOf("."));

// 新的文件路径

String saveFilePath = saveDirPath + File.separator

+ saveFileName + fileType;

uploadFileNames.add(saveFileName + fileType);

// 保存上传的文件

file.write(new File(saveFilePath));

}

System.out.println(uploadFileNames);

HttpUtil.setAttribute(req, "urls", uploadFileNames);

res.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");

PrintWriter pw = res.getWriter();

pw.print(JSONArray.fromObject(uploadFileNames));

} catch (FileUploadException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

这里面用到了一个HttpUtil类,代码如下:

import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;

import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

/**

* 文件名称_com.niit.model2.util.Httputil.java

* 初始作逯ܿAdministrator

* 创建日期_2018-1-23

* 功能说明_这里用一句话描述这个类的作用--此句话需删除

* =================================================

* 修改记录_br/>

* 修改作迠日期 修改内容

* ================================================

* Copyright (c) 2010-2011 .All rights reserved.

*/

public class HttpUtil {

private HttpUtil() {

}

/**

* 方法描述: [用于向不同的作用域存放属性]

* 初始作迺 Administrator

* 创建日期: 2018-1-23-上午11:24:45

* 弿Nj版本: 2.0.0

* =================================================

* 修改记录_br/>

* 修改作迠日期 修改内容

* ================================================

* void

*/

public static void setAttributWuaUSge(Object scopeObj, String name, Object value) {

if (scopeObj instanceof HttpServletRequest) {

((HttpServletRequest) scopeObj).setAttribute(name, value);

}

if (scopeObj instanceof HttpSession) {

((HttpSession) scopeObj).setAttribute(name, value);

}

if (scopeObj instanceof ServletContext) {

((ServletContext) scopeObj).setAttribute(name, value);

}

}

/**

* 方法描述: [获取作用域中指定名称的属性思

* 初始作迺 Administrator

* 创建日期: 2018-1-23-上午11:29:17

* 弿Nj版本: 2.0.0

* =================================================

* 修改记录_br/>

* 修改作迠日期 修改内容

* ================================================

*

* @param scopeObj

* @param name

* @return

* Object

*/

public static Object getAttribute(Object scopeObj, String name) {

if (scopeObj instanceof HttpServletRequest) {

return ((HttpServletRequest) scopeObj).getAttribute(name);

}

if (scopeObj instanceof HttpSession) {

return ((HttpSession) scopeObj).getAttribute(name);

}

if (scopeObj instanceof ServletContext) {

return ((ServletContext) scopeObj).getAttribute(name);

}

return null;

}

/**

* 方法描述: [获取上下文对象的方法]

* 初始作迺 Administrator

* 创建日期: 2018-1-23-上午11:31:26

* 弿Nj版本: 2.0.0

* =================================================

* 修改记录_br/>

* 修改作迠日期 修改内容

* ================================================

*

* @return

* ServletContext

*/

public static ServletContext getServletContext(Object sourceObj) {

if (sourceObj instanceof HttpServletRequest) {

return ((HttpServletRequest) sourceObj).getSession().getServletContext();

}

if (sourceObj instanceof ServletConfig) {

return ((ServletConfig) sourceObj).getServletContext();

}

if (sourceObj instanceof FilterConfig) {

return ((FilterConfig) sourceObj).getServletContext();

}

return null;

}

/**

* 方法描述: [获取项目的实际路径]

* 初始作迺 Administrator

* 创建日期: 2018-1-23-上午11:45:47

* 弿Nj版本: 2.0.0

* =================================================

* 修改记录_br/>

* 修改作迠日期 修改内容

* ================================================

*

* @param req

* @return

* String

*/

public static String getContextPath(HttpServletRequest req) {

return req.getContextPath();

}

}

当然,代码编辑好了也不要忘了在 WebRoot/WEB-INF/web.xml 中添加新建的Servlet,就是刚刚的两个Java文件啦

xmlns:xsi="http://w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee

http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">

index.jsp

fileUpload

com.stu.fileupload.FileUpload

fileUpload

/fileUp

fileDownload

com.stu.fileupload.FileDownload

fileDownload

/fileDown

xmlns:xsi="http://w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee

http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">

index.jsp

fileUpload

com.stu.fileupload.FileUpload

fileUpload

/fileUp

fileDownload

com.stu.fileupload.FileDownload

fileDownload

/fileDown

这样的话就可以运行啦。

TIP: 不要忘记相关的jar包和 js 包哦

在 WebRoot / WEB-INF / lib 下,有 commons-fileupload.jar 和 commons-io.jar ,另外 json-lib-x.x.x-jdkxx.jar 包是用来把上传的返回数据修改为JSON格式的

在 WebRoot / js 下,导入 jquery.js , common.js , ajaxfileupload.js


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