使用HttpClient调用接口的实例讲解

使用HttpClient调用接口的实例讲解

一，编写返回对象

public class HttpResult {

// 响应的状态码

private int code;

// 响应的响应体

private String body;

get/set…

}

二，封装HttpClient

package cn.xxxxxx.httpclient;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;

import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpDelete;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPut;

import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;

import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;

import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

public class APIService {

private CloseableHttpClient httpClient;

public APIService() {

// 1 创建HttpClinet，相当于打开浏览器

this.httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();

}

/**

* 带参数的get请求

*

* @param url

* @param map

* @return

* @throws Exception

*/

public HttpResult doGet(String url, Map map) throws Exception {

// 声明URIBuilder

URIBuilder uriBuilder = new URIBuilder(url);

// 判断参数map是否为非空

if (map != null) {

// 遍历参数

for (Map.Entry entry : map.entrySet()) {

// 设置参数

uriBuilder.setParameter(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue().toString());

}

}

// 2 创建httpGet对象，相当于设置url请求地址

HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uriBuilder.build());

// 3 使用HttpClient执行httpGet，相当于按回车，发起请求

CloseableHttpResponse response = this.httpClient.execute(httpGet);

// 4 解析结果，封装返回对象httpResult，相当于显示相应的结果

// 状态码

// response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();

// 响应体，字符串，如果response.getEntity()为空，下面这个代码会报错,所以解析之前要做非空的判断

// EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");

HttpResult httpResult = null;

// 解析数据封装HttpResult

if (response.getEntity() != null) {

httpResult = new HttpResult(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(),

EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8"));

} else {

httpResult = new HttpResult(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(), "");

}

// 返回

return httpResult;

}

/**

* 不带参数的get请求

*

* @param url

* @return

* @throws Exception

*/

public HttpResult doGet(String url) throws Exception {

HttpResult httpResult = this.doGet(url, null);

return httpResult;

}

/**

* 带参数的post请求

*

* @param url

* @param map

* @return

* @throws Exception

*/

public HttpResult doPost(String url, Map map) throws Exception {

// 声明httpPost请求

HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);

// 判断map不为空

if (map != null) {

// 声明存放参数的List集合

List params = new ArrayList();

// 遍历map，设置参数到list中

for (Map.Entry entry : map.entrySet()) {

params.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue().toString()));

}

// 创建form表单对象

UrlEncodedFormEntity formEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params, "UTF-8");

// 把表单对象设置到httpPost中

httpPost.setEntity(formEntity);

}

// 使用HttpClient发起请求，返回response

CloseableHttpResponse response = this.httpClient.execute(httpPost);

// 解析response封装返回对象httpResult

HttpResult httpResult = null;

if (response.getEntity() != null) {

httpResult = new HttpResult(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(),

EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8"));

} else {

httpResult = new HttpResult(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(), "");

}

// 返回结果

return httpResult;

}

/**

* 不带参数的post请求

*

* @param url

* @return

* @throws Exception

*/

public HttpResult doPost(String url) throws Exception {

HttpResult httpResult = this.doPost(url, null);

return httpResult;

}

/**

* 带参数的Put请求

*

* @param url

* @param map

* @return

* @throws Exception

*/

public HttpResult doPut(String url, Map map) throws Exception {

// 声明httpPost请求

HttpPut httpPut = new HttpPut(url);

// 判断map不为空

if (map != null) {

// 声明存放参数的List集合

List params = new ArrayList();

// 遍历map，设置参数到list中

for (Map.Entry entry : map.entrySet()) {

params.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue().toString()));

}

// 创建form表单对象

UrlEncodedFormEntity formEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params, "UTF-8");

// 把表单对象设置到httpPost中

httpPut.setEntity(formEntity);

}

// 使用HttpClient发起请求，返回response

CloseableHttpResponse response = this.httpClient.execute(httpPut);

// 解析response封装返回对象httpResult

HttpResult httpResult = null;

if (response.getEntity() != null) {

httpResult = new HttpResult(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(),

EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8"));

} else {

httpResult = new HttpResult(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(), "");

}

// 返回结果

return httpResult;

}

/**

* 带参数的Delete请求

*

* @param url

* @param map

* @return

* @throws Exception

*/

public HttpResult doDelete(String url, Map map) throws Exception {

// 声明URIBuilder

URIBuilder uriBuilder = new URIBuilder(url);

// 判断参数map是否为非空

if (map != null) {

// 遍历参数

for (Map.Entry entry : map.entrySet()) {

// 设置参数

uriBuilder.setParameter(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue().toString());

}

}

// 2 创建httpGet对象，相当于设置url请求地址

HttpDelete httpDelete = new HttpDelete(uriBuilder.build());

// 3 使用HttpClient执行httpGet，相当于按回车，发起请求

CloseableHttpResponse response = this.httpClient.execute(httpDelete);

// 4 解析结果，封装返回对象httpResult，相当于显示相应的结果

// 状态码

// response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();

// 响应体，字符串，如果response.getEntity()为空，下面这个代码会报错,所以解析之前要做非空的判断

// EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");

HttpResult httpResult = null;

// 解析数据封装HttpResult

if (respblfPXUdmhonse.getEntity() != null) {

httpResult = new HttpResult(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(),

EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8"));

} else {

httpResult = new HttpResult(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(), "");

}

// 返回

return httpResult;

}

}

三，调用接口

package cn.xxxxxx.httpclient.test;

import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.Map;

import org.junit.Before;

import org.junit.Test;

import cn.itcast.httpclient.APIService;

import cn.itcast.httpclient.HttpResult;

public class APIServiceTest {

private APIService apiService;

@Before

public void init() {

this.apiService = new APIService();

}

// 查询

@Test

public void testQueryItemById() throws Exception {

// http://manager.aaaaaa.com/rest/item/interface/{id}

String url = "http://manager.aaaaaa.com/rest/item/interface/42";

HttpResult httpResult = this.apiService.doGet(url);

System.out.println(httpResult.getCode());

System.out.println(httpResult.getBody());

}

// 新增

@Test

public void testSaveItem() throws Exception {

// http://manager.aaaaaa.com/rest/item/interface/{id}

String url = "http://manager.aaaaaa.com/rest/item/interface";

Map map = new HashMap();

// title=测试RESTful风格的接口&price=1000&num=1&cid=888&status=1

map.put("title", "测试APIService调用新增接口");

map.put("price", "1000");

map.put("num", "1");

map.put("cid", "666");

map.put("status", "1");

HttpResult httpResult = this.apiService.doPost(url, map);

System.out.println(httpResult.getCode());

System.out.println(httpResult.getBody());

}

// 修改

@Test

public void testUpdateItem() throws Exception {

// http://manager.aaaaaa.com/rest/item/interface/{id}

String url = "http://manager.aaaaaa.com/rest/item/interface";

Map map = new HashMap();

// title=测试RESTful风格的接口&price=1000&num=1&cid=888&status=1

map.put("title", "测试APIService调用修改接口");

map.put("id", "44");

HttpResult httpResult = this.apiService.doPut(url, map);

System.out.println(httpResult.getCode());

System.out.println(httpResult.getBody());

}

// 删除

@Test

public void testDeleteItemById() throws Exception {

// http://manager.aaaaaa.com/rest/item/interface/{id}

String url = "http://manager.aaaaaa.com/rest/item/interface/44";

HttpResult httpResult = this.apiService.doDelete(url, null);

System.out.println(httpResult.getCode());

System.out.println(httpResult.getBody());

}

}

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