基于spring boot 1.5.4 集成 jpa+hibernate+jdbcTemplate(详解)

基于spring boot 1.5.4 集成 jpa+hibernate+jdbcTemplate(详解)

1.pom添加依赖

org.springframework.boot

spring-boot-starter-data-jpa

mysql

mysql-connector-java

5.1.42

2.添加数据源配置（DataSource啥的，一系列对象spring boot 都会给你注入的，配置配置即可！）

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost/test?characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=true

spring.datasource.username=root

spring.datasource.password=123456

spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

#database pool config

# Number of ms to wait before throwing an exception if no connection is available.

spring.datasource.tomcat.max-wait=10000

# Maximum number of active connections that can be allocated from this pool at the same time.

spring.datasource.tomcat.max-active=300

# Validate the connection before borrowing it from the pool.

spring.datasource.tomcat.test-on-borrow=true

# initial pool size

spring.datasource.tomcat.initial-size=20

#=====================jpa config================================

#实体类维护数据库表结构的具体行为：update/create/create-drop/validate/none

spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=none

#打印sql语句

spring.jpa.show-sql=true

#格式化输出的json字符串

spring.jackson.serialization.indent_output=true

3.新建实体

@Entity

@Table(name="user")

public class User {

@Id

@Column(name="id")

@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITYhttp://)

private Integer id;

@Column(name="number")

private String number;

@Column(name="name")

private String name;

public Integer getId() {

return id;

}

public void setId(Integer id) {

this.id = id;

}

public String getNumber() {

return number;

}

public void setNumber(String number) {

this.number = number;

}

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

}

4.dao层

public interface UserDao{

User getById(int id);

User getByNumber(String number);

int addUser(User user);

void deleteUserById(int id);

User updateUser(User user);

}

@Repository

public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {

@PersistenceContext

private EntityManager entityManager;

@Override

public User getById(int id) {

//find by primary key

return this.entityManager.find(User.class,id);

}

@Override

public User getByNumber(String number) {

Query query = this.entityManager.createQuery("from User u where u.number=:number",User.class);

query.setParameter("number",number);

User user = (User)query.getSingleResult();

return user;

}

@Override

public int addUser(User user) {

this.entityManager.persist(user);

//print the id

System.out.println(user.getId());

return user.getId();

}

@Override

public void deleteUserById(int id) {

User user = this.entityManager.find(User.class,id); //关联到记录，方可删除

this.entityManager.remove(user);

}

@Override

public User updateUser(User user) {

User userNew = this.entityManager.merge(user);

return userNew;

}

}

5.service层

public interface UserService {

User getById(int id);

User getByNumber(String number);

int addUser(User user,boolean throwEx);

void deleteUserById(int id);

User updateUser(User user);

}

@Service

@Transactional

public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

@Autowired

private UserDao userDao;

@Override

@Transactional(readOnly = true)

public User getById(int id) {

return userDao.getById(id);

}

@Override

@Transactional(readOnly = true)

public User getByNumber(String number) {

return userDao.getByNumber(number);

}

@Override

public int addUser(User user,boolean throwEx) {

int id= this.userDao.addUser(user);

if(throwEx){

throw new RuntimeException("throw a ex");

}

return id;

}

@Override

public void deleteUserById(int id) {

this.userDao.deleteUserById(id);

}

@Override

public User updateUser(User user) {

return this.userDao.updateUser(user);

}

}

6.controller层

@Controller("user1")

@RequestMapping("/jpa/user")

public class UserController {

/**

* 日志（slf4j->logback）

*/

private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserController.class);

@Autowired

private UserService userService;

/**

* 返回text格式数据

* @param id 主键id

* @return 用户json字符串

*/

@RequestMapping("/get/id/{id}")

@ResponseBody

public String getUserById(@PathVariable("id")String id){

logger.info("request /user/get/id/{id}, parameter is "+id);

User user = userService.getById(Integer.parseInt(id));

return JSONObject.toJSONString(user);

}

/**

* 返回json格式数据

* @param number 编号

* @return 用户

*/

@RequestMapping("/get/number/{number}")

@ResponseBody

public User getUserByNumber(@PathVariable("number")String number){

User user = userService.getByNumber(number);

return user;

}

@RequestMapping("/add/{number}/{name}")

@ResponseBody

public String addUser(@PathVariable("number")String number,@PathVariable("name")String name,boolean throwEx){

User user = new User();

user.setNumber(number);

user.setName(name);

int id = -1;

try{

id = userService.addUser(user,throwEx);

}catch (RuntimeException ex){

System.out.println(ex.getMessage());

}

return String.valueOf(id);

}

@RequestMapping("/delete/{id}")

@ResponseBody

public void getUserById(@PathVariable("id")int id){

this.userService.deleteUserById(id);

}

@RequestMapping("/update/{id}/{number}/{name}")

@ResponseBody

public User addUser(@PathVariable("id")int id, @PathVariable("number")String number, @PathVariable("name")String name){

User user = new User();

user.setId(id);

user.setNumber(number);

user.setName(name);

return userService.updateUser(user);

}

}

7. spring data jpa新使用方式，更高级

1.dao

@Repository

public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository {

/**

* spring data jpa 会自动注入实现（根据方法命名规范）

* @return

*/

User findByNumber(String number);

@Modifying

@Query("delete from User u where u.id = :id")

void deleteUser(@Param("id")int id);

}

2.service

public interface UserService {

User findById(int id);

User findByNumber(String number);

List findAllUserByPage(int page,int size);

User updateUser(User user,boolean throwEx);

void deleteUser(int id);

}

@Service

@Transactional

public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

@Autowired

private UserRepository userRepository;

@Override

public User findById(int id) {

return this.userRepository.findOne(id);

}

@Override

public User findByNumber(String number) {

return this.userRepository.findByNumber(number);

}

@Override

public List findAllUserByPage(int page,int size) {

Pageable pageable = new PageRequest(page, size);

Page users = this.userRepository.findAll(pageable);

return users.getContent();

}

@Override

public User updateUser(User user,boolean throwEx) {

User userNew = this.userRepository.save(user);

if(throwEx){

throw new RuntimeException("throw a ex");

}

return userNew;

}

@Override

public void deleteUser(int id) {

this.userRepository.deleteUser(id);

}

}

3.controller

@Controller("user2")

@RequestMapping("/datajpa/user")

public class UserController {

/**

* 日志（slf4j->logback）

*/

private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserController.class);

@Autowired

private UserService userService;

/**

* 返回text格式数据

* @param id 主键id

* @return 用户json字符串

*/

@RequestMapping("/get/id/{id}")

@ResponseBody

public String getUserById(@PathVariable("id")String id){

logger.info("request /user/get/id/{id}, parameter is "+id);

User user = userService.findById(Integer.parseInt(id));

return JSONObject.toJSONString(user);

}

/**

* 返回json格式数据

* @param number 编号

* @return 用户

*/

@RequestMapping("/get/number/{number}")

@ResponseBody

public User getUserByNumber(@PathVariable("number")String number){

User user = userService.findByNumber(number);

return user;

}

@RequestMapping("/get/all/{page}/{size}")

@ResponseBody

public List getAllUserByPage(@PathVariable("page")int page,@PathVariable("size")int size){

return this.userService.findAllUserByPage(page,size);

}

@RequestMapping("/update/{id}/{number}/{name}")

@ResponseBody

public User addUser(@PathVariable("id")int id, @PathVariable("number")String number, @PathVariable("name")String name,boolean throwEx){

User user = new User();

user.setId(id);

user.setNumber(number);

user.setName(name);

User userNew = null;

try{

userService.updateUser(user,throwEx);

}catch (RuntimeException ex){

System.out.println(ex.getMessage());

}

return userNew;

}

@RequestMapping("/delete/{id}")

@ResponseBody

public void getUserById(@PathVariable("id")int id){

this.userService.deleteUser(id);

}

}

8.注入jdbcTemplate和transactionTemplate,使用传统方式操作数据库，更加灵活，方法如下

@Autowired

private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

@Autowired

private TransactionTemplate transactionTemplate;

/**

* 手动控制事物测试

* @param throwEx

*/

@Override

public void testTransactionManually(boolean throwEx) {

try {

transactionTemplate.execute(new TransactionCallback() {

/**

* 事物代码

*

* @param transactionStatus 事物状态

* @return 是否成功

*/

@Override

public Boolean doInTransaction(TransactionStatus transactionStatus) {

User user = new User();

user.setId(1);

int a = new Random().nextInt(10); //0-9

user.setNumber("10000u" + a);

jdbcTemplate.update("UPDATE USER SET NUMBER=? WHERE ID=?", new Object[]{user.getNumber(), user.getId()}, new int[]{Types.VARCHAR, Types.INTEGER});

if (throwEx) {

throw new RuntimeException("try throw exception"); //看看会不会回滚

}

return true;

}

});

}catch (RuntimeException ex){

System.out.println(ex.getMessage());

}

}

/**

* 手动执行jdbc测试

*/

@Override

public void testJdbcTemplate() {

User user = new User();

int a = new Random().nextInt(10); //0-9

user.setNumber("10000i"+ a );

user.setName("name"+a);

this.jdbcTemplate.update("INSERT into USER(NUMBER,NAME )VALUES (?,?)",user.getNumber(),user.getName());

}

至此，我已经讲了三种方式（jpa两种+jdbcTemplate）如何操作数据库了，你爱怎么用就怎么用，上述代码均是实践证明可行的！

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