Flask接口签名sign原理与实例代码浅析
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2023-05-21
Spring Boot启动过程完全解析(一)
之前在排查一个线上问题时,不得不仔细跑了很多遍Spring Boot的代码,于是整理一下,我用的是1.4.3.RELEASE。
首先,普通的入口,这没什么好说的,我就随便贴贴代码了:
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
-->
public static ConfigurableApplicationContext run(Object source, String... args) {
return run(new Object[] { source }, args);
}
public static ConfigurableApplicationContext run(Object[] sources, String[] args) {
return new SpringApplication(sources).run(args);
}
也就是一个静态方法,调用了构造函数创建实例,构造的参数是Object数组,这里new这个数组的时候传入了一个元素就是启动类的类对象实例(一般就是“new Object[] { Application.class” }),构造函数里调用了一个initialize方法。
SpringApplication的initialize方法,首先在Object数组有值的情况下将数组放入一个final的类实例私有Object的Set集合中;然后用deduceWebEnvironment方法判断当前应用环境是否是web环境,判断逻辑是看Classpath是否同时存在javax.servlet.Servlet和org.springframework.web.context.ConfigurableWebApplicationContext,缺一就认为不是。然后,调用setInitializers方法,设置类实例的私有List
public void setInitializers(
Collection extends ApplicationContextInitializer>> initializers) {
this.initializers = new ArrayList
this.initializers.addAll(initializers);
}
设置的时候会先new,也就是说这方法每次都是整体更换,不会追加。这个方法的参数都是各个模块中配置在META-INF/spring.factories中的key为org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextInitializer的值,这些类都是接口ApplicationContextInitializer
private
Class>[] parameterTypes, Object... args) {
ClassLoader classLoader = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
// Use names and ensure unique to protect against duplicates
Set
SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(type, classLoader));
List
classLoader, args, names);
AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort(instances);
return instances;
}
使用SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames方法去取上面说的被配置的ApplicationContextInitializer的名字放进Set
setInitializers方法之后又是setInitializers,参数同上都是getSpringFactoriesInstances方法获取,只不过这次参数Class
initialize方法的最后一个步是设置实例的Class>类型私有属性mainApplicationClass,获取设置值的方法deduceMainApplicationClass:
private Class> deduceMainApplicationClass() {
try {
StackTraceElement[] stackTrace = new RuntimeException().getStackTrace();
for (StackTraceElement stackTraceElement : stackTrace) {
if ("main".equals(stackTraceElement.getMethodName())) {
return Class.forName(stackTraceElement.getClassName());
}
}
}
catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
// Swallow and continue
}
return null;
}
实例化SpringApplication后调用了它的run实例方法(注意不是上面的静态方法)。一进run方法首先启动了StopWatch,这个StopWatch的功能在类的注释写可,大概意思是这是个简单的秒表,用于在开发过程中方便程序员调试性能等,非线程安全,不建议用于生产。configureHeadlessProperty设置使用Headless,对于只有远程登录使用的服务器来说这样性能要好一些。接着是加载用于这个run方法启动过程的监听器,依然是getSpringFactoriesInstances方法,这次的类型是org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListener:
# Run Listeners
org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListener=\
org.springframework.boot.context.event.EventPublishingRunListener
SpringApplicationRunListeners(Log log,
Collection extends SpringApplicationRunListener> listeners) {
this.log = log;
this.listeners = new ArrayList
}
先是加载所有可用监听,然后初始化SpringApplicationRunListeners对象,最后循环启动所有SpringApplicationRunListener监听。启动监听的方法:
@Override
public void started() {
this.initialMulticaster
.multicastEvent(new ApplicationStartedEvent(this.application, this.args));
}
ApplicationStartedEvent实例化传了两个参数,先看第一个参数this.application是怎么来的,实例的SpringApplication的run方法中,用于获取SpringApplicationRunListener,也就是前面说的getSpringFactoriesInstances被调用时:
private SpringApplicationRunListeners getRunListeners(String[] args) {
Class>[] types = new Class>[] { SpringApplication.class, String[].class };
return new SpringApplicationRunListeners(logger, getSpringFactoriesInstances(
SpringApplicationRunListener.class, types, this, args));
}
getSpringFactoriesInstances方法的参数包含SpringApplication.class和this,这两个参数被传入createSpringFactoriesInstances方法:
可以看到,是通过反射创建实例的时候,将SpringApplication中的this传进来EventPublishingRunListener构造的,然后EventPublishingRunListener构造:
public EventPublishingRunListener(SpringApplication application, String[] args) {
this.application = application;
this.args = args;
this.initialMulticaster = new Simplhttp://eApplicationEventMulticaster();
for (ApplicationListener> listener : application.getListeners()) {
this.initialMulticaster.addApplicationListener(listener);
}
}
最后在构造ApplicationStartedEvent时传给它的基类EventObject的protected不可序列化属性source。实例化ApplicationStartedEvent后instance.getClass()并包装为ResolvableType类型以保存类型信息,并将它和event作为参数传入SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster的multicastEvent方法。multicastEvent首先获取ApplicationListener,使用getApplicationListeners方法,这个方法中抛开对listener做了一些缓存类工作外,主要就是将事件和对应的监听器做了下是否支持的验证,返回通过了retrieveApplicationListeners中通过了supportsEvent验证的监听器集合,这里就体现出了ResolvableType的作用,它保存了类型的信息同时对泛型类型也支持。
得到了这些匹配的监听器后,判断当前Executor是否被设置过,如果为null则同步循环执行所有:invokeListener(listener, event);如果不为null则:
executor.execute(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
invokeListener(listener, event);
}
});
监听器执行的时候也会先判断是否是该由自己处理的事件,例如:
@Override
public void onApplicationEvent(ApplicationEvent event) {
if (event instanceof ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent) {
onApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent(
(ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent) event);
}
if (event instanceof ApplicationPreparedEvent) {
onApplicationPreparedEvent(event);
}
}
监听启动后,只准备一些启动参数,和环境变量prepareEnvironment方法先是读取了应用的启动参数和profile配置,然后用listeners.environmentPrepared(environment)传给监听器:
public void environmentPrepared(ConfigurableEnvironment environment) {
this.initialMulticaster.multicastEvent(new ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent(
this.application, this.args, environment));
}
接着判断如果environment是org.springframework.web.context.ConfigurableWebEnvironment的实例,但webEnvironment不是true,也就是说存在org.springframework.web.context.ConfigurableWebEnvironmen但不存在javax.servlet.Servlet的情况,会多执行一步environment = convertToStandardEnvironment(environment)转换。
之后的printBanner就不细说了,如果你在resource下自定义了一个banner.txt文件,启动时会输出内容,否则输出:
. ____ _ __ _ _
/\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
\\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) )
' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
=========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
:: Spring Boot :: (v1.4.3.RELEASE)
接着创建ConfigurableApplicationContext实例,方法也很简单,如果是web环境就BeanUtils.instantiate一个org.springframework.boot.context.embedded. AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext的实例并强转为ConfigurableApplicationContext,否则用org.springframework.context.annotation. AnnotationConfigApplicationContext的实例强转。
创建FailureAnalyzers实例,记录了ConfigurableApplicationContext实例中需要关注的部分,如果启动出错了可以据此分析,可以配置,具体的逻辑依然是老方法spring.factories:
不同的Analyzer关注不同的部分,自己可以扩展配置,最后prepareFailureAnalyzers方法给所有Analyzer实例setBeanFactory(context.getBeanFactory()),一旦启动过程进入catch,被注册的Analyzer实例的analyze方法就会被触发执行,分析结果会被loggedExceptions.add(exception)加入到抛出的异常中:
private FailureAnalysis analyze(Throwable failure, List
for (FailureAnalyzer analyzer : analyzers) {
FailureAnalysis analysis = analyzer.analyze(failure);
if (analysis != null) {
return analysis;
}
}
return null;
}
例如:NoSuchBeanDefinitionFailureAnalyzer
@Override
protected FailureAnalysis analyze(Throwable rootFailure,
NoSuchBeanDefinitionException cause, String description) {
if (cause.getNumberOfBeansFound() != 0) {
return null;
}
List
cause);
StringBuilder message = new StringBuilder();
message.append(String.format("%s required %s that could not be found.%n",
description == null ? "A component" : description,
getBeanDescription(cause)));
if (!autoConfigurationResults.isEmpty()) {
for (AutoConfigurationResult provider : autoConfigurationResults) {
message.append(String.format("\t- %s%n", provider));
}
}
String action = String.format("Consider %s %s in your configuration.",
(!autoConfigurationResults.isEmpty()
? "revisiting the conditions above or defining" : "defining"),
getBeanDescription(cause));
return new FailureAnalysis(message.toString(), action, cause);
}
prepareContext方法中postProcessApplicationContext会在this.beanNameGenerator存在的情况下加载自定义命名策略,然后在this.resourceLoader存在的情况下为context设置resourceLoader和classLoader。applyInitializers方法调用之前加载的Initializer的实例并执行其initialize方法,例如加载环境变量信息、注册EmbeddedServletContainerInitializedEvent的监听、注册CachingMetadataReaderFactoryPostProcessor等。listeners.contextPrepared(context)由于EventPublishingRunListener的contextPrepared是空的,先不说了。logStartupInfo部分初始化了logger,然后根据配置情况打印了启动或运行以及profile是否配置的日志:
protected void logStartupInfo(boolean isRoot) {
if (isRoot) {
new StartupInfoLogger(this.mainApplicationClass)
.logStarting(getApplicationLog());
}
}
protected Log getApplicationLog() {
if (this.mainApplicationClass == null) {
return logger;
}
return LogFactory.getLog(this.mainApplicationClass);
}
public void logStarting(Log log) {
Assert.notNull(log, "Log must not be null");
if (log.isInfoEnabled()) {
log.info(getStartupMessage());
}
if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
log.debug(getRunningMessage());
}
}
protected void logStartupProfileInfo(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
Log log = getApplicationLog();
if (log.isInfoEnabled()) {
String[] activeProfiles = context.getEnvironment().getActiveProfiles();
if (ObjectUtils.isEmpty(activeProfiles)) {
String[] defaultProfiles = context.getEnvironment().getDefaultProfiles();
log.info("No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: "
+ StringUtils.arrayToCommaDelimitedString(defaultProfiles));
}
else {
log.info("The following profiles are active: "
+ StringUtils.arrayToCommaDelimitedString(activeProfiles));
}
}
}
接着prepareContext中注册启动参数(applicationArguments)到bean工厂,包括logger、commandLineArgs等。然后加载bean定义的来源并根据其中配置加载bean,这里的sources就是初始化启动类时传进来的那个sources:
BeanDefinitionLoader(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, Object... sources) {
Assert.notNull(registry, "Registry must not be null");
Assert.notEmpty(sources, "Sources must not be empty");
this.sources = sources;
this.annotatedReader = new AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader(registry);
this.xmlReader = new XmlBeanDefinitionReader(registry);
if (isGroovyPresent()) {
this.groovyReader = new GroovyBeanDefinitionReader(registry);
}
this.scanner = new ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(registry);
this.scanner.addExcludeFilter(new ClassExcludeFilter(sources));
}
注意下面的sources是待加载的,和上面这段不是同一个:
public int load() {
int count = 0;
for (Object source : this.sources) {
count += load(source);
}
return count;
}
private int load(Object source) {
Assert.notNull(source, "Source must not be null");
if (source instanceof Class>) {
return load((Class>) source);
}
if (source instanceof Resource) {
return load((Resource) source);
}
if (source instanceof Package) {
return load((Package) source);
}
if (source instanceof CharSequence) {
return load((CharSequence) source);
}
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid source type " + source.getClass());
}
类型不同加载过程不同,其中Class>加载过程大概是通过BeanDefinitionLoader调用AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader的registerBean方法:
public void registerBean(Class> annotatedClass, String name, Class extends Annotation>... qualifiers) {
AnnotatedGenericBeanDefinition abd = new AnnotatedGenericBeanDefinition(annotatedClass);
if (this.conditionEvaluator.shouldSkip(abd.getMetadata())) {
return;
}
ScopeMetadata scopeMetadata = this.scopeMetadataResolver.resolveScopeMetadata(abd);
abd.setScope(scopeMetadata.getScopeName());
String beanName = (name != null ? name : this.beanNameGenerator.generateBeanName(abd, this.registry));
AnnotationConfigUtils.processCommonDefinitionAnnotations(abd);
if (qualifiers != null) {
for (Class extends Annotation> qualifier : qualifiers) {
if (Primary.class == qualifier) {
abd.setPrimary(true);
}
else if (Lazy.class == qualifier) {
abd.setLazyInit(true);
}
else {
abd.addQualifier(new AutowireCandidateQualifier(qualifier));
}
}
}
BeanDefinitionHolder definitionHolder = new BeanDefinitionHolder(abd, beanName);
definitionHolder = AnnotationConfigUtils.applyScopedProxyMode(scopeMetadata, definitionHolder, this.registry);
BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.registerBeanDefinition(definitionHolder, this.registry);
}
可以看到有生成方法名,设置默认注入的实例、延迟以及过滤等等,注入的过程包括初始化一些信息,如构造、内部类、注解等:
protected AbstractBeanDefinition(ConstructorArgumentValues cargs, MutablePropertyValues pvs) {
setConstructorArgumentValues(cargs);
setPropertyValues(pvs);
}
public StandardAnnotationMetadata(Class> introspectedClass, boolean nestedAnnotationsAsMap) {
super(introspectedClass);
this.annotations = introspectedClass.getAnnotations();
this.nestedAnnotationsAsMap = nestedAnnotationsAsMap;
}
其他三种比如有的有输入流什么的就不细总结了,这部分介绍Spring IOC的相关文章应该不少。
prepareContext方法最后listeners.contextLoaded(context),加载监听器到context并广播ApplicationPreparedEvent事件。
咱最近用的github:https://github.com/saaavsaaa
以上所述是给大家介绍的Spring Boot启动过程完全解析(一),希望对大家有所帮助,如果大家有任何疑问请给我留言,会及时回复大家的。在此也非常感谢大家对我们网站的支持!
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