Maven 搭建SpringMVC+Hibernate项目详解

网友投稿 214 2023-07-07


Maven 搭建SpringMVC+Hibernate项目详解

前言

今天复习一下SpringMVC+Hibernate的搭建,本来想着将Spring-Security权限控制框架也映入其中的,但是发现内容太多了,Spring-Security的就留在下一篇吧,这篇主要搭建SpringMVC4.1.4和Hibernate4.3.8,之前也打了好多SpringMVC的,这部分已经非常的熟悉了,毕竟业开发过一年多SpringMVC的,这次持久层采用Hibernate,数据源采用c3p0,数据库暂采用mysql,主要是想复习一下Hibernate。搭建SpringMVC+Hibernate的框架的思路如下:

1、设计数据库:设计好表结构,最好符合3NF,采用Hibernate tools将设计好的表自动生成对应的实体entity。

1、创建Maven项目,按需映入Maven包依赖。

2、搭建Spring:配置Spring对控件层Bean的注入。

3、搭建Hibernate:配置数据源,配置SessionFactory,配置事务,以及二级缓存ehcache的配置。

4、测试Spring+Hibernate的框架搭建,写单元测试JUnit,测试事务配置等。

5、映入SpringMVC:配置SpringMVC配置信息。

6、配置web.xml容器

7、测试三个框架的整合:Maven编译打包部署服务器,测试。

1、数据库设计

设计一个权限、角色、用户的表。自然如果一个用户可以有多个角色,一个角色多个用户所拥有;一个角色拥有多个权限,一个权限对应多个角色。所以按照数据库表结构设计,符合3NF的话我们需要5张表进行存在。表的具体信息就不列出了(可以下在源码,里面还有数据库),表关系如下:

这里面ID才用到是java的UUID(36位)

2、创建Maven项目,编写pom.xml文件

创建一个Maven的webapp项目,编写pom.xml文件,引入所需的包依赖,我这里就将所需的全部的映入了。

pom.xml文件内容如下:

xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">

4.0.0

org.andy.sh

springmvc_hibernate_demo

war

0.0.1-SNAPSHOT

springmvc_hibernate_demo Maven Webapp

http://maven.apache.org

UTF-8

4.1.4.RELEASE

4.3.8.Final

2.5.0

junit

junit

4.12

test

org.springframework

spring-core

${spring.version}

org.springframework

spring-beans

${spring.version}

org.springframework

spring-context

${spring.version}

org.springframework

spring-tx

${spring.version}

org.springframework

spring-web

${spring.version}

org.springframework

spring-test

${spring.version}

test

org.springframework

spring-webmvc

${spring.version}

org.springframework

spring-orm

${spring.version}

org.hibernate

hibernate-core

${hibernate.version}

org.hibernate

hibernate-ehcache

${hibernate.version}

net.sf.ehcache

ehcache

2.9.0

log4j

log4j

1.2.17

mysql

mysql-connector-java

5.1.34

com.mchange

c3p0

0.9.5-pre10

com.alibaba

fastjson

1.2.3

com.fasterxml.jackson.core

jackson-annotations

${jackson.version}

com.fasterxml.jackson.core

jackson-core

${jackson.version}

com.fasterxml.jackson.core

jackson-databind

${jackson.version}

org.aspectj

aspectjweaver

1.8.4

javax.servlet

servlet-api

3.0-alpha-1

provided

javax.servlet

jstl

1.2

springmvc_hibernate_demo

org.apache.maven.plugins

maven-surefire-plugin

2.4.2

true

org.apache.maven.plugins

maven-war-plugin

2.3

src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml

org.apache.maven.plugins

maven-javadoc-plugin

2.9.1

target/javadoc

target/javadoc

UTF-8

UTF-8

UTF-8

private

org.codehaus.cargo

cargo-maven2-plugin

1.0

tomcat6x

D:\WebServer\apache-tomcat-6.0.39

existing

D:\WebServer\apache-tomcat-6.0.39

3、引入Spring配置

编写配置文件,配置文件放在src/main/resources资源目录下(下同)。

项目所需的配置信息config.properties

#application configs

#jdbc c3p0 config

jdbc.driver = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/work?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8

jdbc.username = root

jdbc.password = 12345

#hibernate config

hibernate.dialect = org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect

hibernate.show_sql = true

hibernate.format_sql = false

hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto = update

hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache = true

hibernate.cache.use_query_cache = true

hibernate.cache.region.factory_class = org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.EhCacheRegionFactory

hibernate.cache.provider_configuration_file_resource_path = ehcache.xml

3.1、spring配置

spring.xml的配置文件如下:

xmlns:xsi="http://w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://springframework.org/schema/context"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://springframework.org/schema/beans

http://springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd

http://springframework.org/schema/context

http://springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd">

上面spring配置了对应包下组件bean自动注入管理,我们需要将dao,service的实现类交由spring管理,如(@Repository,@Service)。

3.2、引入日志文件配置Log4j

log4j.properties的配置文件如下:

### set log levels ###

log4j.rootLogger = INFO , C , D , E

### console ###

log4j.appender.C = org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender

log4j.appender.C.Target = System.out

log4j.appender.C.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout

log4j.appender.C.layout.ConversionPattern = [springmvc_hibernate_demo][%p] [%-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}] %C.%M(%L) | %m%n

### log file ###

log4j.appender.D = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender

log4j.appender.D.File = ../logs/springmvc_hibernate_demo.log

log4j.appender.D.Append = true

log4j.appender.D.Threshold = INFO

log4j.appender.D.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout

log4j.appender.D.layout.ConversionPattern = [springmvc_hibernate_demo][%p] [%-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}] %C.%M(%L) | %m%n

### exception ###

log4j.appender.E = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender

log4j.appender.E.File = ../logs/springmvc_hibernate_demo_error.log

log4j.appender.E.Append = true

log4j.appender.E.Threshold = ERROR

log4j.appender.E.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout

log4j.appender.E.layout.ConversionPattern = [sspringmvc_hibernate_demo][%p] [%-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}] %C.%M(%L) | %m%n

4、Hibernate配置

Hibernate的配置主要包括:配置数据源c3p0,配置SessionFactory,配置事务管理器,配置事务管理,其spring-hibernate.xml文件如下:

xmlns:xsi="http://w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://springframework.org/schema/tx"

xmlns:aop="http://springframework.org/schema/aop"

xsi:schemaLocation="

http://springframework.org/schema/beans

http://springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd

http://springframework.org/schema/tx

http://springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.1.xsd

http://springframework.org/schema/aop

http://springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.1.xsd">

destroy-method="close">

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

${hibernate.dialect}

${hibernate.show_sql}

${hibernate.format_sql}

${hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto}

${hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache}

${hibernate.cache.use_query_cache}

${hibernate.cache.region.factory_class}

${hibernate.cache.provider_configuration_file_resource_path}

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">

expression="execution(* org.andy.work.service..*Impl.*(..))" />

advice-ref="transactionAdvice" />

上面配置了二级缓存,ehcache,相关的具体信息查看上一篇Hibernate二级缓存以及ehcache的搭建配置,下面是二级缓存的配置。

4.1、ehcache.xml的配置

maxElementsInMemory="1000"

eternal="false"

timeToIdleSeconds="120"

timeToLiveSeconds="120"

maxElementsOnDisk="1000000"

overflowToDisk="true"

memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LRU">

name="org.andy.work.entity.AcctUser"

maxElementsInMemory="2"

memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LRU"

eternal="true"

diskPersistent="false"

overflowToDisk="false"

maxElementsOnDisk="1000000" />

上面Hibernate二级缓存ehcache存放磁盘是D:/ehcache

5、生成业务entity实体

设计好数据表后,Hibernate的实体有工具Hibernate tools自动生成,Eclipse需要安装Hibernate tools插件(我在线安装过几次都不成功,推荐使用links离线安装,附录将介绍),所以不需要手工的书写,下面就贴一个用户信息的实体,AcctUser.java

package org.andy.work.entity;

// Generated 2015-2-3 10:43:00 by Hibernate Tools 4.0.0

import java.util.Date;

import java.util.HashSet;

import java.util.Set;

import javax.persistence.Column;

import javax.persistence.Entity;

import javax.persistence.FetchType;

import javax.persistence.Id;

import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;

import javax.persistence.JoinTable;

import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;

import javax.persistence.Table;

import javax.persistence.Temporal;

import javax.persistence.TemporalType;

import org.hibernate.annotations.Cache;

import org.hibernate.annotations.CacheConcurrencyStrategy;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnoreProperties;

/**

* AcctUser generated by hbm2java

*/

@Entity

@Table(name = "acct_user", catalog = "work")

@Cache(usage = CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE)

public class AcctUser implements java.io.Serializable {

/**

*

*/

private static final long serialVersionUID = 6980093847795726310L;

private String id;

private String nickName;

private String telephone;

private Date registerTime;

private Set acctRoles = new HashSet(0);

public AcctUser() {

}

public AcctUser(String id, String nickName) {

this.id = id;

this.nickName = nickName;

}

public AcctUser(String id, String nickName, String telephone,

Date registerTime, Set acctRoles) {

this.id = id;

this.nickName = nickName;

this.telephone = telephone;

this.registerTime = registerTime;

this.acctRoles = acctRoles;

}

@Id

@Column(name = "id", unique = true, nullable = false, length = 36)

public String getId() {

return this.id;

}

public void setId(String id) {

this.id = id;

}

@Column(name = "nick_name", nullable = false)

public String getNickName() {

return this.nickName;

}

public void setNickName(String nickName) {

this.nickName = nickName;

}

@Column(name = "telephone")

public String getTelephone() {

return this.telephone;

}

public void setTelephone(String telephone) {

this.telephone = telephone;

}

@Temporal(TemporalType.TIMESTAMP)

@Column(name = "register_time", length = 19)

public Date getRegisterTime() {

return this.registerTime;

}

public void setRegisterTime(Date registerTime) {

this.registerTime = registerTime;

}

@JsonIgnoreProperties(value={"acctUsers", "acctAuthorities"})

@ManyToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)

@Cache(usage = CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE)

@JoinTable(name = "acct_user_role", catalog = "work", joinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "user_id", nullable = false, updatable = false) }, inverseJoinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "role_id", nullable = false, updatable = false) })

public Set getAcctRoles() {

return this.acctRoles;

}

public void setAcctRoles(Set acctRoles) {

this.acctRoles = acctRoles;

}

}

上面有几个需要注意的:

上面大多数都是Hibernate tools自动生成的,但是有几个需要手动添加:

1、如果这个实体使用二级缓存的话,需要添加@cache注解;

2、如果该实体里面还有集合元素(set, map,list),如果实体要采用二级缓存,那么这些集合元素必须也添加@cache注解。

3、@JsonIgnoreProperties注解是为了防止SpringMVC在json返回时产生循环输出使用,如果不配置的话就会出现json死循环(还有多对多,一对多的属性时)。

4、@JsonIgnore这个是在转换成json是忽略该属性,而@JsonIgnoreProperties(value={"acctUsers", "acctAuthorities"})则是忽略acctRoles里面的acctUsers和acctAuthorites属性。

6、创建Dao层

6.1Dao接口

Dao层和Service层我们肯定采用的是面相接口编程的思想,所以,我们先定义一个通用的Dao接口,GenericDao.java

package org.andy.work.dao;

import java.io.Serializable;

import java.util.List;

/**

* 创建时间:2015-2-6 下午2:26:42

*

* @author andy

* @version 2.2

*

* Dao通用接口

*/

interface GenericDao {

T load(PK id);

T get(PK id);

List findAll();

void persist(T entity);

PK save(T entity);

void saveOrUpdate(T entity);

void delete(PK id);

void flush();

}

在定义具体的UserDao.java接口

package org.andy.work.dao;

import org.andy.work.entity.AcctUser;

/**

* 创建时间:2015-2-6 下午2:43:50

*

* @author andy

* @version 2.2

*

* 用户Dao接口

*/

public interface UserDao extends GenericDao {

}

6.2、Dao层实现类

我们需要将Dao层的实现类注入为bean,所以需要添加@Repository注解,UserDaoImpl如下:

package org.andy.work.dao.impl;

import java.util.List;

import org.andy.work.dao.UserDao;

import org.andy.work.entity.AcctUser;

import org.hibernate.Session;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

/**

* 创建时间:2015-2-6 下午2:45:14

*

* @author andy

* @version 2.2

*/

@Repository("userDao")

public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {

@Autowired

private SessionFactory sessionFactory;

private Session getCurrentSession() {

return this.sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();

}

@Override

public AcctUser load(String id) {

return (AcctUser) this.getCurrentSession().load(AcctUser.class, id);

}

@Override

public AcctUser get(String id) {

return (AcctUser) this.getCurrentSession().get(AcctUser.class, id);

}

@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")

@Override

public List findAll() {

List acctUsers = this.getCurrentSession().createQuery("from AcctUser").setCacheable(true).list();

return acctUsers;

}

@Override

public void persist(AcctUser entity) {

this.getCurrentSession().persist(entity);

}

@Override

public String save(AcctUser entity) {

return (String) this.getCurrentSession().save(entity);

}

@Override

public void saveOrUpdate(AcctUser entity) {

this.getCurrentSession().saveOrUpdate(entity);

}

@Override

public void delete(String id) {

AcctUser entity = this.load(id);

this.getCurrentSession().delete(entity);

}

@Override

public void flush() {

this.getCurrentSession().flush();

}

}

7、创建Service层

7.1、Service层接口

package org.andy.work.service;

import java.util.List;

import org.andy.work.entity.AcctUser;

/**

* 创建时间:2015-2-6 下午3:18:57

*

* @author andy

* @version 2.2

* userService接口

*/

public interface UserService {

AcctUser load(String id);

AcctUser get(String id);

List findAll();

void persist(AcctUser entity);

String save(AcctUser entity);

void saveOrUpdate(AcctUser entity);

void delete(String id);

void flush();

}

7.2、service层实现类

UserServiceImpl就需要注入上面定义的Dao层bean。

package org.andy.work.service.impl;

import java.util.List;

import org.andy.work.dao.UserDao;

import org.andy.work.entity.AcctUser;

import org.andy.work.service.UserService;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**

* 创建时间:2015-2-6 下午3:24:16

*

* @author andy

* @version 2.2 UserService 的实现

*/

@Service("userService")

public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

@Autowired

private UserDao userDao;

@Override

public AcctUser load(String id) {

return userDao.load(id);

}

@Override

public AcctUser get(String id) {

return userDao.get(id);

}

@Override

public List findAll() {

return userDao.findAll();

}

@Override

public void persist(AcctUser entity) {

userDao.persist(entity);

}

@Override

public String save(AcctUser entity) {

return userDao.save(entity);

}

@Override

public void saveOrUpdate(AcctUser entity) {

userDao.saveOrUpdate(entity);

}

@Override

public void delete(String id) {

userDao.delete(id);

}

@Override

public void flush() {

userDao.flush();

}

}

8、测试Spring和Hibernate的整合

我们可以在src/test/java编写测试类,测试上面的配置,如果测试成功已经基本大功告成。

package org.andy.work.service;

import java.util.Date;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.UUID;

import org.andy.work.entity.AcctUser;

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;

import org.junit.Test;

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;

import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;

/**

* 创建时间:2015-2-6 下午3:31:07

*

* @author andy

* @version 2.2

*/

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)

@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:spring.xml",

"classpath:spring-hibernate.xml" })

public class TestUserService {

private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger

.getLogger(TestUserService.class);

@Autowired

private UserService userService;

@Test

public void save() {

AcctUser acctUser = new AcctUser();

acctUser.setId(UUID.randomUUID().toString());

acctUser.setNickName("andy");

acctUser.setRegisterTime(new Date());

acctUser.setTelephone("13022221111");

String id = userService.save(acctUser);

LOGGER.info(JSON.toJSONString(id));

}

}

9、引入SpringMVC

添加spring-mvc.xml文件

xmlns:mvc="http://springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:p="http://springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://springframework.org/schema/context"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://springframework.org/schema/beans

http://springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd

http://springframework.org/schema/context

http://springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd

http://springframework.org/schema/mvc

http://springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">

class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">

text/html;charset=UTF-8

application/json;charset=UTF-8

class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">

value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />

上面配置了包扫描Controller,[email protected]��,和视图层的配置。

10、配置web.xml容器

web容器是web项目的大脑,所以web容器,首先需要引入spring,让spring管理各个框架,并将其注入为bean。然后配置控制层的filter信息。并且配置了springmvc拦截的url为以.hmls结尾的请求。

web.xml文件如下:

xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"

id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">

springmvc_demo

contextConfigLocation

classpath:spring.xml,classpath:spring-hibernate.xml

encodingFilter

org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter

encoding

utf-8

forceEncoding

true

encodingFilter

/*

openSessionInViewFilter

org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter

singleSession

true

org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener

org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener

spring mvc servlet

rest

org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet

contextConfigLocation

classpath:spring-mvc.xml

1

rest

*.htmls

openSessionInViewFilter

*.htmls

30

/index.jsp

11、创建控制层Controller

控制层UserController

package org.andy.work.controller;

import java.util.List;

import org.andy.work.entity.AcctUser;

import org.andy.work.service.UserService;

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

/**

* 创建时间:2015-2-7 上午11:49:00

* @author andy

* @version 2.2

* 描述: 用户Controller

*/

@Controller

@RequestMapping("/user")

public class UserController {

private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(UserController.class);

@Autowired

private UserService userService;

@RequestMapping("/showInfo/{userId}")

public String showUserInfo(ModelMap modelMap, @PathVariable String userId){

LOGGER.info("查询用户:" + userId);

AcctUser userInfo = userService.load(userId);

modelMap.addAttribute("userInfo", userInfo);

return "/user/showInfo";

}

@RequestMapping("/showInfos")

public @ResponseBody List showUserInfos(){

LOGGER.info("查询用户全部用户");

List userInfos = userService.findAll();

return userInfos;

}

}

12、创建视图层

在src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/views下 创建user/showInfo.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>

<%@taglib prefix="fmt" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt"%>

<%

String path = request.getContextPath();

String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://"

+ request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()

+ path + "/";

%>

userInfo

用户信息 昵称: ${userInfo.nickName} 用户id:${userInfo.id} 用户电话:${userInfo.telephone } 注册时间:

角色:[

${role.name } 权限[

${authority.name }

]

]


ajax显示全部用户信息:

13、部署服务器测试

使用Maven打包部署:clean compile  package

部署到tomcat,测试

          主要测试上面的  http://localhost:8080/springmvc_hibernate_demo/user/showInfo/6e5afb1d-50e1-45fe-b6fe-b9e399415387.htmls

和http://localhost:8080/springmvc_hibernate_demo/user/showInfos.htmls  (json数据返回)

          上面视图层就包含了这两条url请求的测试:

ok,到此Spring+SpringMVC+Hibernate搭建完毕。

博客来源:http://blog.csdn.net/fengshizty?viewmode=list

项目源码:http://download.csdn.net/detail/fengshizty/8432647

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