详解Spring配置事务的五种方式

详解Spring配置事务的五种方式

Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分，分别是 DataSource 、TransactionManager  和 代理机制 这三部分，无论哪种配置方式，一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。

DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化，比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时，DataSource实际为SessionFactory，TransactionManager的实现为HibernateTransactionManager。

具体如下图：

根据代理机制的不同，总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式，配置文件如下：

第一种方式：每个Bean都有一个代理

xmlns:xsi="http://w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:context="http://springframework.org/schema/context"

xmlns:aop="http://springframework.org/schema/aop"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://springframework.org/schema/beans

http://springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd

http://springframework.org/schema/context

http://springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd

http://springframework.org/schema/aop http://springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">

PROPAGATION_REQUIRED

xmlns:xsi="http://w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:context="http://springframework.org/schema/context"

xmlns:aop="http://springframework.org/schema/aop"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://springframework.org/schema/beans

http://springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd

http://springframework.org/schema/context

http://springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd

http://springframework.org/schema/aop http://springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">

PROPAGATION_REQUIRED

class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">

PROPAGATION_REQUIRED

第二种方式：所有Bean共享一个代理基类

xmlns:xsi="http://w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:context="http://springframework.org/schema/context"

xmlns:aop="http://springframework.org/schema/aop"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://springframework.org/schema/beans

http://springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd

http://springframework.org/schema/context

http://springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd

http://springframework.org/schema/aop http://springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"

lazy-init="true" abstract="true">

PROPAGATION_REQUIRED

xmlns:xsi="http://w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:context="http://springframework.org/schema/context"

xmlns:aop="http://springframework.org/schema/aop"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://springframework.org/schema/beans

http://springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd

http://springframework.org/schema/context

http://springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd

http://springframework.org/schema/aop http://springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"

lazy-init="true" abstract="true">

PROPAGATION_REQUIRED

class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"

lazy-init="true" abstract="true">

PROPAGATION_REQUIRED

第三种方式：使用拦截器

xmlns:xsi="http://w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:context="http://springframework.org/schema/context"

xmlns:aop="http://springframework.org/schema/aop"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://springframework.org/schema/beans

http://springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd

http://springframework.org/schema/context

http://springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd

http://springframework.org/schema/aop http://springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">

PROPAGATION_REQUIRED

*Dao

transactionInterceptor

xmlns:xsi="http://w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:context="http://springframework.org/schema/context"

xmlns:aop="http://springframework.org/schema/aop"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://springframework.org/schema/beans

http://springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd

http://springframework.org/schema/context

http://springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd

http://springframework.org/schema/aop http://springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">

PROPAGATION_REQUIRED

class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">

PROPAGATION_REQUIRED

*Dao

transactionInterceptor

第四种方式：使用tx标签配置的拦截器

xmlns:xsi="http://w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:context="http://springframework.org/schema/context"

xmlns:aop="http://springframework.org/schema/aop"

xmlns:tx="http://springframework.org/schema/tx"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://springframework.org/schema/beans

http://springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd

http://springframework.org/schema/context

http://springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd

http://springframework.org/schema/aop http://springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd

http://springframework.org/schema/tx http://springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />

pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />

xmlns:xsi="http://w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:context="http://springframework.org/schema/context"

xmlns:aop="http://springframework.org/schema/aop"

xmlns:tx="http://springframework.org/schema/tx"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://springframework.org/schema/beans

http://springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd

http://springframework.org/schema/context

http://springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd

http://springframework.org/schema/aop http://springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd

http://springframework.org/schema/tx http://springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />

pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />

expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />

pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />

pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />

第五种方式：全注解

xmlns:xsi="http://w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:context="http://springframework.org/schema/context"

xmlns:aop="http://springframework.org/schema/aop"

xmlns:tx="http://springframework.org/schema/tx"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://springframework.org/schema/beans

http://springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd

http://springframework.org/schema/context

http://springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd

http://springframework.org/schema/aop http://springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd

http://springframework.org/schema/tx http://springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

xmlns:xsi="http://w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:context="http://springframework.org/schema/context"

xmlns:aop="http://springframework.org/schema/aop"

xmlns:tx="http://springframework.org/schema/tx"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://springframework.org/schema/beans

http://springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd

http://springframework.org/schema/context

http://springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd

http://springframework.org/schema/aop http://springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd

http://springframework.org/schema/tx http://springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解，如下：

package com.mktao.spring.dao;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;

@Transactional

@Component("userDao")

public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {

public List listUsers() {

return this.getSession().createQuery("from User").list();

}

...

}

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